Vol. 56.] STRUCTURE OF THE MALVERN AND ABBERLET HILLS. 187 



not represented in the Survey maps, is admirably exposed in the 

 road between Alfrick Pound and Knapp Farm. This, dipping between 

 46° and 65° north-eastward, strikes towards the Silurian limestones 



Pig. 29.— Section along the road south of Osebury Rock. (See p. 185.) 



UBS pi HB 



[Length of section = about 60 yards.] 



UBS = Upper Banter Sandstone. 

 HB=Haffield Breccia. FF^= Fault. 



and shales, against which it is evidently faulted. It is also faulted 

 against a red false-bedded sandstone overlain b) 7 ^ massive red sand- 

 stone, in neither of which pebbles or chips of stone were detected : 

 these sandstones evidently represent the Upper Bunter. The 

 massive sandstone in its turn is thrown, by a curved fault seen in 

 the road, against the Keuper Breccias and Sandstones; a fine exposure 

 of these, recorded by Phillips (he. cit.), may still be seen in the road 

 south-south-east of Patche's Farm. They are followed to the north 

 by Keuper Marls with white sandstones, such as mark the lower part 

 of the Marls and the upper part of the Sandstone. It would seem 

 highly probable that the succession is essentially similar to that at 

 Osebury Rock and Knightwick Station. 



In the district about Bromesberrow the succession again appears 

 to be the same. The Hameld Breccia on the southern slopes of 

 Howler's Heath, dipping 10° southward, is followed by the soft, bright- 

 red Bunter Sandstone, dipping 16° south by east. The two rocks 

 are, however, probably separated by a fault. To the south come 

 the Keuper Breccias and Sandstones. 



It would thus appear that throughout the length of the Malvern 

 and Abberley Ranges the Upper Bunter Sandstone forms the base of 

 the Trias, and was deposited on the Hameld Breccia. The Hafneld 

 Breccia, itself resting upon some of the higher portions of each of 

 the Ranges, was evidently deposited originally over most, if not the 

 whole, of the chain ; and it is therefore to be inferred that the 

 apparently conformable Upper Bunter Sandstone, with the over- 

 lying portion of the Trias, similarly buried the old chain. 



It has been supposed 1 that, at least along some portions of the 

 Abberley Range, various beds of the Trias have been deposited 

 against a shore formed by the range, but I shall endeavour (pp. 190 

 et seqq.) to show that the available evidence is all against this 

 view. 



1 Phillips, Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. ii (1848) pt. i, pp. 113, 132, 133 & 207: 

 & Hull, ' Trias & Permian of Midlands ' Mem. Geol. Surv. 1869 - " 



