Yol. 56.] THE GEOLOGY OF GILGIT. 337 



22. Notes on the Geology of Gilgit. By Lieut.-Gen. C. A. 

 McMahon, F.R.S., F.G.S. (Read March 7th, 1900.) 



[Plate XXIII.] 



Contents. 



Page 

 Parti. Introduction 337 



(1) The Baltit Hornblende-Granite. 



(2) The Hatu Pir Granite. 



(3) The Acid Variety of the Hatu Pir Granite. 



(4) The Askurdas Muscovite- Granite. 



(5) TheAplites. 



Part II. Topographical Description of the Rocks, with Map 



on p. 344 345 



(1) Nanga Parbat. 



(2) Astor to Rarughat. 



(3) Ramghat to Chilas. 



(4) Ramghat to Gilgit. 



(ft) Gilgit to the Kilik Pass. 



(6) Gilgit to Yasin and the Darkot Pass. 



(7) The Ashkurman (Ishkumman) Valley. 



Part III. Conclusion 360 



Paet I. — Introduction. 



My son, Capt. A. H. McMahon, C.S.I., CLE., F.G.S., Political 

 Agent, Malakand, when stationed at Gilgit, made field-observations 

 and collected rock-specimens for me in the course of numerous 

 traverses through the Gilgit area. 



I have not had an opportunity of visiting the region covered by 

 this paper; but I have seen much of the neighbouring Himalaya, 

 and I have had the advantage of correspondence not only with my 

 son, but also with Capt. J. R. Roberts, I.M.S., regarding the 

 geology of Gilgit. I am greatly indebted to Capt. Roberts for 

 much valuable information, for field-observations undertaken on 

 my behalf, for careful drawings of sections, and for numerous 

 additional specimens supplementing those sent by my son. I cannot 

 overrate the obligations under which I am to him. 



A sketch-map (see p. 344) has been prepared to accompany this 

 paper, compiled mainly from the map of the Pamirs (1896) by 

 H. Sharbau and the Rjght Hon. G. N. — now Lord— Curzon ; and 

 from the map of Astor and Gilgit (1883) by the Surveyor -General 

 of India. 



The geology of the neighbouring parts of Kashmir has been 

 described by Mr. R. Lydekker, F.R.S., in vol. xxii (1883) of the 

 Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, and in papers published 

 in the Records of the same Survey. The map published with the 

 above-mentioned Memoir shows the geology of Kashmir as far as 

 Astor, at which place this paper takes up the geology. 



An account of the geology of Yarkand, Kashgar, Wakhan, the 



