Preface. mor tO ae aaa 
the present year. At the First Bachelor of Science Pass, 
special attention is directed to certain types of vegetable 3 
life named in the syllabus. The sum of our present know- 
ledge respecting these types will be found stated in the fol- 
lowing pages, either i in the text or in editorial notes ; but the 
editor desires to impress upon his readers the necessity of 
their making themselves practically acquainted with these 
forms of life, and comparing their observations with the de- 
scription, before presenting themselves for examination. At 
‘the Second Bachelor of Science Pass, the examination in 
se Botany, which is optional, requires, in addition to a general | 
acquaintance with the principles of Morphology and Phy- 
siology, a knowledge of the structure and development of 
. ¢ - 1 ~ 
_ certain groups of Phanerogams and Cryptogams, an account » 
of which will also be found here. 
In the chapters on Anatomy and Physiology, the original ; 2 
work has been very closely followed ; only a few alterations 
- being made, to render it in harmony with the recognised use 
of terms in this country. Any additions to our knowledge 
acquired since the publication of the German work are - 
referred to in foot-notes. The same remark applies to the 
chapter on Special Morphology and Classification, as far as _ 
~ Cryptogams are concerned. But the section on the Classi- -~ 3 
fication of Phanerogams has been entirely rewritten. The 
system of classification adhered to in the original work differs © 
in so many points from that in use in this country, that it: 
' would be almost useless to the English student. The natural 
orders have therefore been entirely rearranged, inaccordance 
_ with Bentham and Hooker's system, and a detailed descrip- 
tion is given only of the more important ones. The minutiz — 
of Classification were considered out of place in an elementary ais 
Text- book, and would moreover swell it to an unwieldy size. 
