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140. . Structural and Physiological Botany. 
ker cai) Cal a Oe male Tia 
Occasionally, the anthers are sessile upon the stigma 
[eynandrous|, as in Orchidez (Fig. 279).! 
_ The follen is formed in the cavities of the anther-lobes, 
which are termed /ociz/z, and are most often two, more rarely 
| “Fic. 280.—Sta- Fic. 281.—Sta- Fic. 282.—Sta- Fic. 283.—Sta- Fic. 284.—Sta- 
men of Pzzus men of bar- men of ARso- men of bay, men of “rica, 
sylvestris with berry, the an- dodexdron, Laurus no- the ‘anther 
longitudinal ther opening each anther- Jézés,withtwo opening by 
dehiscence by recurved lobe opening glands at the poresand bear- © 
(magnified). valves (mag- bya pore. base of the ing two ap- 
nified). filament, the pendages at its 
anther opening by recurved valves. base (magnified). 
' one or four in number, the anther being then termed zzz- 
locular, bilocular, or guadrilocular. In most plants it .con- 
-sists of minute yellow granules, entirely distinct from one 
another ; less often, as in Orchidez and Asclepiadeee (Fig. 
1 [As respects their adhesion or mode of attachment, stamens are 
hypogynous when growing directly from the receptacle beneath the 
ovary (Raxunculus, Cruciferze); ferigynous when springing from 
the calyx (Rosa, Fuchsia); epipetalous from the corolla (Prima, 
Lamium) ; epigynous when attached to the upper part of the pistil (Um- 
as belliferze, Rzdia). With reference to the mode of attachment of the 
anther to the filament, the former is das¢fixed or innate when attached 
_ by its .base (heath, tulip) ; dorsifixed or adnate when attached by its — 
back (onion, myrtle) ; versatile, when, in the latter case, the attach- 
ment of the anther to the filament is very slender, as in most grasses 
(Fig. 270).—ED. ] 
Pe ae ae | 
distmct, the anthers may be coherent or united by their $ 
margins [syngenestous|, as occurs in Composite (Fig. 278)... 
