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182 Structural and Physiological Botany. - 
of greater interest from a practical than a scientific point of 1 
view. In grafting (Figs. 351, 353) a branch of a superior 
y variety is planted on a stock of a wild 
(No variety. In budding, a bud to which a 
a a piece of the bark is still attached is in- 
serted into a T-shaped incision beneath 
a the bark of the stock (Fig. 354). In all 
cases the wounded part must be protected 
A i externally by wrapping round with bast 
i and covering up with cotton-wool or some 
‘i other substance from the injurious influ- 
ence of the atmosphere. In these various 
ee processes the point of junction between 
the stock and the graft forms a boundary- 
WAgY)! 
Fic. 353.—Grafting ;@ Fic. 354.—The various elements in the process of budding. 
the stock to which the 
graft is attached. 
line ; all the parts developed above this line belong to the 
latter ; all those beneath it to the stock. The graft is de- 
veloped altogether spontaneously, without undergoing any 
essential change from the stock ;'! while the stock, if the 
buds formed on it are allowed to grow, developes its own 
proper leaves, flowers, and fruit. | 
This independent growth of a bud in contact with the 
stock of another plant takes place, however, only when the 
1 [The graft and the stock do, however, exercise a certain amount of 
reciprocal influence the one on the other ; and in certain cases hybrids 
or intermediate forms between the two are produced.—ED. | 
