a 
transversely into from 166:t6 200 eae nes in "each of ‘meee 
cells an antherozoid is produced (Fig. 420, I. 11.) by a pecu- | 
har transformation of its protoplasmic contents, provided — 
with two cilia, by means of which it moves rapidly about 
when it escapes by the separation of the shields and rupture | 
of the parent-cell. The number of antherozoids produced 
by a single globule may therefore be from 20,000 to 40,000. - 
The alternation of generations is exhibited in Characez 
in the pro-embryo which constitutes the non-sexual genera- 
tion. ‘The sexual generation is developed from the growth 
of a single cell of the pro-embryo, situated at some distance 
below its free extremity; this cell giving nse to a set of 
leaves, among which a bud appears which grows into a new 
Chara.—ED. | 
Cuass V, feparice. 
The Hepaticee or Liverworts are elegant delicate plants, 
usually of a bright green colour, which form a beautiful 
of their mode of reproduction. Some bear a 
great external resemblance to certain Lichens ; 
and in others the true leaves are only repre- 
sented by scales.. These forms, the Zal/oid 
these latter the leaves never have even a 
cular bundles of low organisation in the form 
of cambium- strings. Usually, especially in 
Jungermannia (Fig. 423), the leaves stand in- 
Fic. 421.— Antho- 
ceros levis; a a two rows, running in nght- or left-handed 
burst sporogonium. 
spirals. In some genera with stems creeping © 
on the earth or on the bark of trees, besides these lane 
or Frondose Hefatice (Fig. 422), are con- ~ 
trasted with the Fo/zose forms; but even in | 
mid-rib, even when the stem contains vas-_ 
ie) 
a) 
transition from the ‘Thallogens to the Ac- - 
rogens. Many of them, as Anthoceros (Fig. 
A421), are true Thallogens having no leaves, 
and are included in the class only on account: 
ihe 
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