3 Ba | is vrueniral oad Ph ysiological Botany, 
-enclosed in the base of Be calyx, and consisting of four Sane ae 
— Capsicum annuum of the West Indies or Cayenne pepper, Vicotiana 
Physalis Alkekengt the winter cherry, &c. 
containing a single seed. [Among the numerous genera of this large 
and important order are Coleus, Lavandula, Mentha, Origanum, ri a 
Thymus, Calamintha, Melissa, Nepeta, Prunella, Scutellaria, Melittis, 
Marrubium, Stachys, Lamium, Ballota, Phlomis, Galeopsis, T cucrium, 
Ajuga, Salvia.| The plants belonging to it abound in volatile oils con- 
tained in special glands, and a large number are consequently officinal; 
as Mentha piperita peppermint, AZ. crispa curled mint, Lavandula 
angustifolia lavender, Thymus serpyllum and vulgaris the wild and 
garden thymes, Rosmarinus officinalis rosemary, Ocymum basilicum 
basil thyme, Oviganum Majorana and vulgare marjoram, &c. 
Salvia officinalis is valuable on account of the large quantity of tannin 
contained in it; Plectranthus graveolens of the Mascarene Islands is | 
the source of patchouli. 
[The only other important order of the cohort is Verbenacee, which 
includes the genera Verbena, Lantana, Tectona, Clerodendron, Vitex, 
| Avicennia. 
. 
SECTION II. Flowers usually regular. 
Cohort III. POLEMONIALES. Corolla gamopetalous, hypogynous, 
regular or oblique ; stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, epipetalous, 
equal or unequal, often exserted ; ovary 1-5-locular, syncarpous me 
(rarely apocarpous); seeds very numerous, or only one to two in each ~ 
loculus. Herbs, rarely shrubs or trees, with exstipulate, alternate or 
geminate, rarely opposite, leaves. | 
. Order 1. SOLANACE&. (Figs. 493-497.) Herbaceous or suffruti- 
cose plants with alternate, in the upper part geminate, leaves, one of 
each pair being always smaller than the other. Calyx usually 5- 
partite and persistent; corolla regular, deciduous, folded in the 
bud, and 4- or 5-partite ; stamens equal in number to the corolla- 
lobes; ovary usually bilocular, or almost 4-locular by false septa, 
rarely 3- or 5-locular. The numerous seeds have an abundant 
| fleshy endosperm ; fruit a capsule or berry. [Among the more im- 
-portant genera are WVicotzana, Petunia, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Nicandra, 
Lycopersicum, Lycium, Physalis, Atropa, Capsicum, Mandrag sora, 
Solanum, Nolana | ‘The useful and officinal plants belonging to it are 
numerous, including the potato Solanum tuberosum, S. dulcamara 
the bitter-sweet, Lycofersicum esculentum of the East Indies the tomato, - 
Tabacum tobacco, Atrofa Belladonna the deadly nightshade, = si va 
Alyoscyamus niger the henbane, Datura Stramonium the thorn- -apple, a ae 
