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Special Morphology and Classification, 413 
alternate with them, arranged in a cross, and usually unguiculate ; the — 
stamens six, ‘etradynamous, the two shorter ones belonging to an outer 
whorl and opposite to the carpels, the four longer ones to an inner whorl 
and attached in front of the placentze (see Figs, 200, 204, 
pp. 111,112), The ovary is superior ; the fruit as a rule a bilo- 
cular capsule, bursting from the base upwards ; if it is several 
times longer than broad, it is termed a szlzgua (Fig. 528, | 
11.); if only slightly or not at all longer than broad a szlecuwla 
(Fig. 527). According as the dissepiment or veglum, when 
seen in transverse sections, occupies the shorter or longer 
Fic. 529. — Tetradyna- Fic. 530.—I. Schizocarps of /satzs tinctorza ; IT. trans- 
mous stamens and pistil verse section of angustisept silicula of Cafsel/a; IIT. 
of Brassica nigra; a transverse section of latisept silicula a of Camelina; 
shorter, 6 longer sta- 6 four seeds; IV. lomentum of Raphanus, 
mens. 
diameter, the silicula is said to be angustzsept, as in the shepherd’s purse, 
Capsella (Fig. 530, 11.), or latzsept as in Camelina (Fig. 530, 111.). Less’ 
often the siliqua splits transversely, forming a /omentum, as in the radish, 
Raphanus (Fig. 530, 1v.), or the fruit is a schizocarp, often at first — 
bilocular, but ultimately unilocular by the disappearance or perforation - 
of the dissepiment, as in the dyer’s woad Jsazzs (Fig. 530, I.). The seeds 
are exalbuminous, with acurved embryo, the position of which is an im- 
portant character in the classification of the genera belonging to the order 
(see p. 157). [This large and important order is divided into several — 
suborders, and includes a large number of genera, of which the fol- 
lowing are the more important :—Matthiola, Chetranthus, Nasturtium, 
Barbarea, Arabis, Cardamine, Anastatica, Lunaria, Aubyietia, Vesicaria, 
Alyssum, Draba, Cochlearia, Schizopetalum, Hesperis, Malcolmia, 
Sisymbrium, LErysimum, Braya, Camelina, Brassica, Sinapis, Eru~ 
