36 MR. W. WHITAKEK ON SOME [Feb. I903, 



A saline hard water unsuited for washing purposes ; also not good for 

 dietetic purposes. 



' The organic purity is high and there are no signs of recent contamination. 

 But the nitrates are excessive : indeed in such quantities that, coupled with 

 the objectionable salinity, force to the conclusion that the water is unfitted for 

 a public supply.' 



Still more recently, another boring has been made, on the high 

 ground ; and the section of this will be seen to agree with the 

 older Woodbridge wells, allowing for difference of level. 



Woodbridge. Waterworks. Trial-boring, Bredfield Road. 1902. 



Made and communicated by Messrs. Isler & Co. 



Well 10 feet; the rest bored. Lined with 165 feet of tube, 10 

 inches in diameter, from 10 feet down. 



126 feet above Ordnance-datum. Best-level of water 108 feet 

 down. Yield = about 11,000 gallons per hour. 



Thickness. Depth. 



Feet inches. Feet inches. 



Soil or made ground 3 3 



(Sand and shingle, or sand and 



gravel 64 07 



Red Crag 13 80 



[Light-coloured Crag 4 84 



[London i Blue clay stone 12 85 2 



Clay.] { Blue clay (? sandy in part) 34 10 120 



f Mottled clay (a specimen is grev and 



[Reading | red) ! ?16 6 136 6 



Beds, <J Sandy clay 12 148 6 



35 feet, j | Green sand 3 151 6 



{ Green-coated flints 3 6 155 



Chalk and flints 119 274 



Turning back to the one exceptional section, out of the eleven 

 wells, the question arises, How has this unexpected thickness of 

 Drift and Crag (the precise division between which is here of small 

 moment) been preserved ? Four explanations suggest themselves. 



Firstly, a deep hollow or channel. This would serve, were it a 

 case of Drift only ; but we have to deal also with Crag, and it is 

 hard to conceive of this rilling so deep a hollow, worn out in lower 

 beds. Moreover, we have also Eocene beds, and with them such an 

 explanation is out of the question : they must have been let down 

 in some way. 



This last consideration suggests the explanation of a huge pipe 

 in the Chalk, into which the overlying beds have been let down, 

 through the dissolving-away of the Chalk. But such a pipe would 

 so far exceed anything that is known, and is so unlikely to occur 

 where the Chalk has a fair capping of Tertiary clays, that one 

 hesitates to accept it. However, it might account for the great 

 thickness of Crag, as compared with what is seen along the outcrop 

 in the neighbourhood. 



A third explanation would involve disturbance of the beds, pre- 

 sumably by a fault ; but against this is the fact that there is no 





