272 ME. A. J. C. MOLYNEUX ON THE [May I903, 



table-like appearance of its summits, characteristic of the horizontal 

 sediments, noticeable also in the portions of the Great Escarpment 

 extending through the Gololo, Dorowe, and other mountains, and 

 reaching as far as the Mafungabusi Hills which have been described 

 by Mr. C. J. Alford. The crystalline area comprises quartz-veins 

 (in which occur large segregations of mica), hornblendic schist, pink 

 felspar with quartz-crystals, and veins of pink and white pegmatite. 

 Where the gneiss is seen, it is crushed and folded along an axis 

 directed to the north-east. Finely-crystalline granite is here absent, 

 and the crystals of felspar and quartz that do occur fall apart very 

 readily, so that the surface of the hills is covered with a debris of 

 sharp, angular, and loose pieces of rock. 



i have also traversed the country from the foot of the Xamkanya 

 Mountains to the Zambesi Valley, but do not here give any illus- 

 trative sections. These mountains are composed of almost horizontal 

 beds of coarse sediments with conglomerates, at the foot of which 

 shales crop out. Here is another flat basin, the Sebungu Coal- 

 field, drained by the lower portion of the Lubu River, which now 

 takes the name of Sebungu, and in the bed of the river are 

 numerous outcrops of coal-seams, also dipping southward and south- 

 westward at an angle of 5°. The outcrop of these seams is very 

 striking, for as their gently-inclined edges are broken off by the river, 

 the intervening spaces are rilled with bright yellow sand, and this 

 succession of black outcrops and bright alluvium extends for nearly 

 a mile down the stream. On the northern side of this basin, near 

 Panjula's Kraal, the strata are tilted at a higher angle against a 

 ridge of quartzites, which cut off the further extent of finer sediments 

 to the north, and seemingly belong to the underlying group of 

 Sijarira Quartzites. In the Sebungu Coalfield the area of exposed 

 coal-bearing beds is over 100 square miles. From this point west- 

 ward in the direction of the Zambesi, red sandstones and quartzites 

 occur. 



PI. XIX, fig. 4. — The overlap of the sedimentary strata to the 

 south-west of Ehodesia is first noticed at the Macloutsie River, 

 on the railway, near mile 1200 (or 160 miles from Bulawayo). 

 They there lie upon a gneissose granite showing cleavage-planes 

 inclined at a high angle to the south, and cap the hill lying 

 immediately beyond the river. Thence they extend to mile 1194, 

 where gneiss again crops out, but immediately disappears under a 

 basin of very fine sedimentary beds at the Si si Siding. Another 

 ridge of schist, with greenstone and quartz-dykes, occurs at mile 

 1189, where a third area of sandstones and shales begins and extends 

 for 6-^- miles. Another small basin of sediments occurs at mile 1179. 

 These narrow areas of derived beds lie in hollows in the meta- 

 morphic rocks, and are tongues stretching out from the great 

 expanse of red sandstones and sedimentary deposits on the west. 



Between mile 1179 and mile 1146 crystalline and metamorphic 

 rocks are continuous, when red sandstone crops out near Dikabi and 



