PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS. 5) 
(bb) The broad zone containing sporadic volcanic masses 
of recent age includes Taviuni, Gau, Kandavu, Totoya, 
Moala, and other well known islands, which rise from 
moderate depths. 
(cc) The raised coral reefs of Lau' lie to the east of this 
zone of recent vulcanism. 
The island types of this belt are terraced and the elevated 
coral reefs thereof occur at altitudes varying from 50 to 
1030 feet above sea level. 
The limestone composing these raised reefs is amorphous 
and lacks any sign of bedding. Hach form is Pleistocene 
in age. These limestones overlie beds of Kainozoic lime- 
‘stone, “‘soapstone’”’ and volcanic conglomerate, in an uncon- 
formable manner. The “‘soapstone’”’ and limestone beds 
which form the basement in part, show variable dips, and 
have a genera! resemblance to the Kainozoic beds of west 
or stable Fiji. The coral reefs of Pleistocene Age, on the 
other hand, are composed of limestone which is homogene- 
ous throughout and rings under the hammer. 
(dd) The eastern belt of atolls to which Davis? has drawn 
attention is composed of limestones similar in all respects 
to those of the raised reefs of Lau. Beyond these atolls to 
the east lies the deep ocean. 
ag Tonga.—The Tongan Region or Group admits of a 
threefold division— 
(aa) A western line of volcanoes. 
(bb) A wide and associated zone of coral reefs and of 
atolls. 
(cc) An “ocean trench’’ of profound depth. 

* Lau signifies “east.” 
* Davis, W. M. The Islands and Coral Reefs of Fiji, Geogr. Journ., 
London, 1919. 
