220 A. R. PENFOLD AND R. GRANT. 
present it would not be a commercial proposition to sepa- 
rate the phenols and aldehydes, however interesting they 
may be from an academic standpoint, and it was thought 
that the simplest and most profitable method would be to 
convert the crude residual oil into a disinfectant. In this 
‘we think we have succeeded as the crude oil when emulsified 
with a neutral soap gives a co-efficient comparable to the 
tar oil products found on the market. There are also 
several eucalyptus oil disinfectant preparations on the 
market, but probably the active constituent in these is 
cineol. The Rideal-Walker value of cineol was deter- 
mined by us (for comparison purposes) and a reference 
to the table will show that it has a value of3°5. As arule 
very few of these preparations contain much cineol, as 
they are usually compounded from eucalyptus oils high in 
terpenes, principally phellandrene, mixed with steam dis- 
tillation residues consisting largely of sesquiterpenes and 
polymerised bodies. 
Experimental. 
The crude oil, although quite mobile was almost black in 
colour, and possessed a powerful odour of the aromatic 
aldehydes. It had a specific gravity +3° OC. 0°9811, and 
refractive index at 20° C. of 1°5046. 
Phenol.—2000 c.c. were shaken repeatedly with 57 
sodium hydroxide solution until all phenols were removed. 
On washing with ether, acidifying with dilute sulphuric 
acid solution, the Jiberated phenol was taken up with ether. 
After washing the latter with sodium bicarbonate solution 
and removal of the solvent 126 grams of crude phenol was 
obtained =6°3%. On distillation at 10 mm. it boiled at 115 
—117°C.,and on being allowed to stand overnight it solidified 
to a ‘gel.’ The crystals were pumped off and dried on a 
porous plate. On recrystallisation from xylene and sub- 
limation they melted at 62 —63° C. and gave a benzoyl 
