KEY TO THE FAMILIES. 



31 



Sepals, petals, and stamens 3-5 ; ovary with 3-5 cells 



and styles ; water-plants with opposite or whorled 



leaves ( Water -pepper) Elatinaceae 78. 



Calyx tubular, 4-5-toothed ; petals 4-5 ; stamens 



4-6 ; ovary 1 -celled, with 2-3 parietal or basal 



placentas ; seeds albuminous ; heath-like under- 



shrubs with opposite or whorled leaves Frankeniaceae 79. 



R. Flowers irregular or (in Hymenavihera) almost regular, 

 bisexual ; sepals, petals and stamens 5, the lowest 

 petal usually larger or spurred ; ovary 1 -celled, with 

 3 parietal placentas ; capsule or berry ; herbs or 

 shrubs ( Violet Family) Violaceae 80. 



F. Pistil syncarpous (except in Thymelaeaceae), the ovary 

 sunk in the cupshaped or tubular receptacle, and 

 either united with it and inferior (with epigynous 

 perianth and stamens), or free within it and superior 

 (with perigynous perianth and stamens). 

 S. Order My ft. florae. Flowers simple or double; ovary 

 usually of 2 -several united carpels. 

 T. Perianth simple, of 4 sepals inserted at the summit 

 of the tubular petaloid receptacle ; stamens 2, on 

 the tube ; ovary superior, 1 -celled, 1-ovuled ; 

 undershrubs or herbs Thymelaeaceae 81. 



T. Perianth double. 



U. Ovary 1 -several-celled, with 1 style ; flowers 

 regular, bisexual. 

 V. Stamens as many, or double as many, as the 

 petals or calyx-teeth, rarely fewer ; seeds 

 without albumen. 

 Sepals and petals 3-5, at the summit of the 

 tubular receptacle ; petals rarely absent ; 

 stamens 2-12, on the tube a little below the 

 petals ; ovary superior, 2-5-celled, with 1 

 style ; herbs with opposite leaves (Loosestrife) Lythraceae 82. 

 Sepals and yjetals 4-6, at the summit of the 

 tubular receptacle ; stamens twice as many ; 

 ovary inferior, adnate to the tube, 4-6-celled ; 

 capsule ; style 1 ; seeds hair-tufted in 

 Epilobium , herbs (Evening Primrose) Oenotheraceae 84 



V. Stamens numerous ; sepals and petals usually 

 4-5 (consolidated in a cap in Eucalyptus) ; 

 stamens many or rarely few, sometimes 

 united in bundles ; ovary inferior, united with 

 the cuplike receptacle, 1 -several-celled, with 

 1 style ; seeds exalbuminous ; trees or shrubs 

 (Gum, Mallee, Teatree, Bottlebrush) Myrtaceae 83. 



U. Ovary 1-4-celled, with as many styles as there are 

 cells ; flowers bisexual or unisexual, regular ; 

 sepals and petals 2-4 ; stamens 2-8 ; ovary 

 inferior, united with the cupshaped receptacle ; 

 seeds albuminous ; herbs or water-plants 

 (Baspwort, Water Milfoil) Halorrhagidaceae 85. 



S. Order Umbelliflorae. Flowers usually bisexual and 

 regular, arranged in umbels ; calyx of 5 small teeth or 

 absent ; petals and stamens 5, inserted round a disk 

 at the summit of the 2 -celled inferior ovary ; styles 2 ; 

 fruit separating into 2 ribbed fruitlets ; albumen 

 copious ; herbs (Carrot, Celery, Fennel) Umbelliferae 86. 



Subclass 2. — Metachlamydeae. 



Perianth in a more advanced stage of development, always double, and its inner whor 

 usually united into a corolla (sympetalous flower). 



A. Ovary superior ; calyx and corolla hypogynous ; stamens 

 hypogynous, or (by adhesion of the filaments to the 

 corolla) perigynous. 



