16 GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TEEMS. 



.Equitant, when a leaf is folded lengthwise and the edges adhere except at the 



base, where it clasps another leaf on the opposite side of the stem. 

 Exalbuminous, without albumen. 



Exserted, projecting beyond, as the stamens beyond the corolla. 

 Falcate, curved like the blade of a scythe. 

 Family, a group of genera which resemble each other. 



Fertile, producing seeds; applied also to a seed which is able to germinate. 

 Filament, see stamen. 

 Filiform, threadlike, slender. 

 Floral leaves or leafy bracts, the upper leaves at the base of the flowering 



branches. 

 Follicle, a fruit consisting of a single carpel opening only along the inner suture. 

 Frkfi, not united with any other organ. 

 Free central placenta, one in the form of a central column rising from the base 



of the ovary, or consisting of a prolongation of the receptacle, and in both 



cases unconnected with the walls of the ovary. — Primulaceae, CaryopJiyllaceae, 



Santalaceae. 

 Fruit, the enlarged ovary and whatever other parts of the flower may adhere to 



it at the time the seed is ripe. 

 Funicle, a little cord by which the ovule is attached to the placenta. 

 Fusiform, spindle-shaped, tapering gradually at each end. 

 Galeate, helmet-shaped. 

 Geniculate, knee'd, bent like a knee. 



Genus (pi. genera), a group of species which resemble each other. 

 Gibbous, when an organ is swollen at the base or at any other part. 

 Glabrous, devoid of hairs. 

 Gland, a wart-like excrescence on or near the surface of an organ and usually 



secreting a fluid. 

 Glandular liairs, hairs tipped with a gland. 

 Glaucous, bluish -green, usually of a pale tint. 

 Globular, rounded like a globe or sphere (=globose). 

 Glume, bract enclosing the flower of grasses and reeds. 

 Glutinous, sticky. 



Grain, the fruit of grasses, also called caryopsis. 

 Granular, covered with small rounded protuberances. 

 Gymnosperms, plants, such as pine.?, whose seeds are naked, i.e., not contained in 



a seed-vessel. 

 Gynoecium, see pistil. 

 Gynophorc, stalk supporting an ovary. 



Gynostemium, a column formed by the union of style and stamens. 

 Habit, the general external appearance of a plant. 

 Hastate, shaped like a halbert, with two spreading somewhat triangular lobes at 



the base. 

 Herb, a plant which does not develop a woody stem. 

 Herbaceous, green and more or less succulent. 

 Hetcrogamous, when a flowerhead has the outer flowers female or neuter, and the 



inner ones bisexual or male. 

 Hilum. the scar left on the seed where it separates from the funicle. 

 Hoary, densely covered by almost" microscopic hairs, which give the surface a 



whitish or greyish hue. 

 Homogamous, when a flowerhead has all the flowers bisexual. 

 Hyaline, delicately membranous and transparent. 

 Hypogynous, inserted below the ovary. 

 Imbricate, overlapping like tiles. 



Incised, deeply and unequally cut into lobes or teeth. 

 Included, enclosed, as stamens within the corolla. 



Indehiscent, a fruit which does not split open in a definite manner when ripe. 

 Induplicate, when the edges of petals or sepals are folded inwards in bud, but 



without overlapping. 

 Indusium, (1) membrane covering the spore-ca3es of some ferns; (2) a cup 



enclosing the stigma in Goodeniaceae. 

 Inferior. — An ovary is inferior when it is united with the cupshaped or tubular 



receptacle; the calyx, petals, and stamens are then all superior to the ovary, 



or epigynous. An inferior radicle points towards the base of the fruit; an 



inferior (apotropous) micropyle points towards the base of the ovary. 

 Inflorescence, arrangement of the flowers on a plant. 

 Internode, the part of the stem between two nodes. 



