132 ORCHID ACE AE. 9. Cyrtostylis. 



lanceolate with a very acute depressed point ; on a short claw or contracted base ; 

 generally a deeper red than the perianth -segments ; spreading ; about 3 mm. long ; 

 margins entire ; lamina smooth except for a pair of prominent basal glands. Column 

 semiterete, enlarged at each end, upper end cup-shaped, about 1\ mm. long, very much 

 incurved above. Anther quite blunt on a sunken clinandrium. Pollinia 2 in each cell ; 

 each mass semicircular with clavate ends like a dumb-bell, each pair connected by their 

 middle to a separate viscid disk. Stigma transverse, oval, prominent, very concave. 

 Rostellum double, represented by a tooth-like prominence at each end of the upper border 

 of the stigma, each bearing a separate viscid disk. 



N.P. and other parts of Mount Lofty Range ; Victor Harbor ; Bordertown ; Millicent; 

 Delamere ; Golden Grove ; Beetaloo ; Kangaroo Island ; also in all other States of the 

 Commonwealth. May-July. 



9. CYRTOSTYLIS, R. Br. 



(Greek kyrtos, curved ; stylos, a column.) 



Dorsal sepal narrow lanceolate, erect, incurved, concave. Lateral sepals and petals 

 very narrow, spreading, nearly equal in length to the dorsal sepal or the petals a little 

 shorter. Labellum sessile, flat, undivided, entire, contracted at its insertion, with 2 

 calli (Plate 7, iii., figs. 10, 12, col.) at the base produced into raised lines (fig. 10, rl.) along 

 the lamina. Column elongated, incurved, winged in its upper part. Anther terminal, 

 erect, 2-celled. Pollinia 4, a pair in each cell, powdery. Rostellum situated centrally in 

 the upper border of the stigma with a viscid disk on each side of it. No caudicle present. 

 Terrestrial glabrous herbs. Leaf solitary, sessile at the base of the stem, lamina broad 

 and spreading. Scape without any empty bract, usually bearing a raceme of several 

 flowers. 



A small genus, containing but 2 valid species, one of which is widely distributed through- 

 out Australia, and the other is a native of New Zealand. A variety of the latter was 

 formerly given the status of a species. 



1. C. reniformis (kidney -shaped, referring to the leaf), R. Br. A slender plant, 7-15 cm. 

 high, with the characters of the genus. Leaf orbicular-cordate, 2-3J cm. long, green on 

 both sides. Flowers generally 3-6, but sometimes solitary, reddish-brown, rarely verdant- 

 green, sessile or on very short pedicels. Dorsal sepal about 10 mm. long ; lateral sepals 

 about 9i mm. ; petals narrower than latter but same length. Labellum as long as the 

 dorsal sepal and about 4| mm. wide. Column about 6 mm. long, semiterete, dilated 

 at each end. Anther (fig. 15, a.) rather globose without a point. Pollinia leg-of-mutton 

 shape, each pair attached to a separate viscid disk. 



N.P. ; widely distributed throughout southern part of the State and as far north as 

 Burra ; also Kangaroo Island and Hundred of Goyder. It occurs in every other State 

 of the Commonwealth. July -Aug. 



10. LYPERANTHUS, R. Br. 



(Greek lyph'os, mournful ; anthos, flower ; referring to the gloomy color.) 

 Dorsal sepal usually broad, erect, or incurved over the column ; other segments narrow 

 erect or spreading, about equal in length to the dorsal sepal. Labellum much shorter 

 undivided or 3-lobed ; lamina more or less papillose, sometimes bearing raised longi- 

 tudinal lines. Column erect, incurved, more or less winged, as long or nearly as long 

 as the labellum. Anther terminal, 2-celled. Pollina 4, or a bilobed mass in each cell 

 granular or mealy. — Terestrial glabrous herbs, sometimes drying black, with small under- 

 ground tubers. Leaves 1-3, usually at or near the base, broad and thick or long and 

 narrow. Bracts often large and leaf-like. 



A small genus comprising 12 known species, 5 of which are endemic to Australia, 1 to 

 New Zealand, and 6 to New Caledonia. 



1. L. nigricans (becoming black when dry), R. Br. (Text fig. 32, B.) A stout plant, 

 10-30 cm. high, drying black. Leaf radical orbicular-cordate or broadly ovate-cordate, 

 fleshy, of variable size, sometimes 10 cm. long ; stem-bracts usually 2, loose sheathing, 

 leaf-iike, rather blunt, often 3 or 4 cm. long. Flowers large, 2-8, purple or with dark- 

 purple stripes : ovary and pedicel included in a capacious bract which also envelopes 

 the perianth. Dorsal sepal usually light-colored with purple stripes, broadly lanceolate, 

 much incurved, often 2| cm. long. Lateral sepals spreading or deflexed, dark-purple, 

 linear, free, same length as the dorsal one. Petals similar to lateral sepals, but recurved 

 or spreading. Labellum lighter-colored with purple veins and dark tip, sessile, obovate- 

 lanceolate, about 15 mm. long ; 3-lobed ; lateral lobes erect, clasping column ; the 

 middle one with rather blunt tip, much recurved, fringed or deeply denticulate ; lamina 

 with a wide smooth longitudinal raised line or band between the lateral lobes ; a few 

 minute sessile white calli distributed towards the tip and lateral margins ; apex with 

 a few similar calli on the under- surface. Column at first erect, then incurved, about 

 12 mm. long, very narrowly winged. Anther terminal incumbent, with a rather blunt 

 fleshy point. Pollinia 2, elongated, each bilobed, very powdery, no attachment by 



