MODELLING OF ANIMALS, ETC. 



157 



altliongli lie must waste a deal of good plaster ere lie sees 

 the " points," and before he can model straight away, yet that 

 he has an advantage which I, as a self-taught man, did not 

 possess — the advantage of some little practical advice, such as 

 is given in the pages of this work. 



Now, "returning to our muttons," it must not he supposed 

 that our omega is gained when the tyro has modelled by eye, and 

 by measurements, his first head in clay ; this has to be cast from, 

 as if from the dead head, and the resultant model touched up. 



Fig. 28.— Stag's Head in Pilaster from Clay Model. 



where incorrect, by cutting and scraping when too large, or by 

 addition of clay when too small. Sometimes it will be necessary 

 to cast from this again and again, but in all cases the mould 

 and model should be managed as before described. 



Assuming that the student has managed a cast to his satis- 

 faction, he will see, by looking at the accompanying cut, 

 Fig. 28, that the orbits of the eyes are shallow, that only the 

 upper line of the sinus shows, that the lips and nostrils are also 

 shallow depressions ; all of these parts must be hollowed out 

 or undercut. To do this we require a knife such as that figured 



