50 A. R. PENFOLD. 



with ether, acidifying with dilute sulphuric acid, extracting 

 the liberated phenol with ether, and washing the ethereal 

 solution with sodium bicarbonate solution to remove small 

 amounts of acids. The ether, was removed by distillation, 

 and the phenol purified by repeated distillation under 

 10 mm. pressure. 



Properties of the Phenol. 

 Thus obtained it is a somewhat viscous liquid, almost 

 colourless, though sometimes possessing a faint lemon tint, 

 with a pleasant and characteristic odour, and giving with 

 ferric chloride in alcoholic solution a brilliant distinctive 

 orange-red colouration. It also reacts with solutions of 

 copper salts giving an intense blue colouration resembling 

 cupric ammonium sulphate solution. 



It possesses the following characters, viz : — 

 Boiling point 145-146° O. at 10 mm. 



or 275-278° C. at 770 mm. (uncorr.) 



optically inactive 

 Refractive index at 20° O. 1*5000 

 Specific gravity at 20° O. 1*073 



The formula appears to be O14H20O4 as indicated by the 

 following combustion and molecular weight results, viz: 

 (1) 0*1240 gm. gave 0*3011 gm. 00 2 and 00896 gm. H 2 



O = 66*23%, H = 803% 

 <2) 0*1496 gm. gave 0*3652 gm. 00 3 and 0*11 gm. H a O 



O = 66*58%, H = 8*17% 

 <3) 0*1494 gm. gave 0*3636 gm. C0 2 and 0*1072 gm. H 2 



O = 66*37%, H = 7 97% 

 OmH 2 o0 4 requires O = 66*67%, H = 7*94% 



Molecular Weight Determinations. 

 (a) A molecular weight determination by the Landsberger 

 boiling point method using acetone as solvent gave 

 the following result: — 



1*1192 gram, in 26 c.cs. acetone elevated the boil- 

 ing point 0*35° O. M.Wt. = 248. 



