78 





G. J. 



BURROWS. 











Table X. 











Propi 



onamide in 



water. 



Temp. 



30° 



C 





A 



* 





^s 







<f> 



1-8533 



•996096 





•981 







71-72 



3-9972 



•996593 





•980 







71-65 



The specific volume of liquid propionamide l at 30° C. is 1-000. 



Table XI. 

 Sucrose in water. Temp. 30° 0. 



A 



di 



v A 



<£ 



2-7695 



1-006078 



•619 



211-9 



4-5190 



1-012373 



•621 



212-6 



8-2459 • 



1-025524 



•621 



212-6 



The specific volume of liquid sucrose at 30° C. is -66 1. 2 



It will be noticed from the foregoing tables that the value 

 of v B or of </> varies with the concentration in nearly every 

 case. The effect of concentration is most marked in the 

 case of electrolytes ; thus in the case of potassium chloride 

 the value of v s increases by 14 per cent, from A = *16, to 

 A = 27. But even in the case of non electrolytes, such 

 as carbamide, the specific solution volume is not constant 

 but increases with concentration. In the case of mercuric 

 chloride and of acetamide, the solution volume decreases 

 with concentration. 



The above results are similar to those obtained by various 

 authors for other solutes in aqueous solution. In general 

 it has been found that the solution volume increases with 

 the concentration of the solute, the effect being most 

 marked in the case of strong electrolytes. This variation 

 of v a with A in the case of aqueous solutions (and of solutions 

 in other solvents containing hydroxyl group) has been 

 attributed chiefly to two causes: 



(a) the formation of hydrates (or solvates) 



(b) in the case of electrolytes to the variation in the 



degree of dissociation of the solute. 



1 Meldrum and Turner, a Schwers, J.C.S., 1911, 99, 1478. 



