CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMO-CARBONIFEROUS ROOKS, N.S.W. 279 



have been similarly affected. The crustal movements do 

 not appear to have folded the Burindi (Lower Carboniferous) 

 sediments, as the strata of the Kuttung Series rest upon 

 them without any angular unconformity, but the movement 

 resulted in the area of Carboniferous sedimentation being 

 elevated above sea-level, thus temporarily uniting Aus- 

 tralia and Tasmantis. That these crustal movements 

 were of considerable magnitude is iudicated by (a) a com- 

 plete change from marine to terrestrial conditions; (b) the 

 complete palseontological break which takes place here; 

 (c) the extraordinary deposition of thick coarse conglomer- 

 ates, which ushers in the Kuttung sedimentation. It is 

 proposed to call this crustal movement the Wallarobba 

 disturbance; probably it was of an epeirogenic type. 



The Kuttung Epoch. — The New South Wales area of 

 Carboniferous sedimentation remained under terrestrial 

 conditions throughout the remaining part of the Carboni- 

 ferous Period, and was probably covered in part, from time 

 to time, by shallow fresh-water lakes. How high this 

 region stood above sea-level during this period, we do not 

 know; but it stood relatively low compared with the land 

 adjoining it to the south-west and north-east. Upon this 

 lowland at the beginning of the Kuttung Epoch an enorm- 

 ous deposition of coarse conglomerates took place, ranging 

 up to 2,000 feet in thickness, while at later intervals 

 throughout the epoch many other beds of conglomerate 

 were deposited, aggregating many hundreds of feet in 

 thickness. These conglomerates must have been deposited 

 under somewhat similar conditions to the Siwalik con- 

 glomerates of India, which were deposited along the foot of 

 the rising Himalaya Mountains during the Tertiary Period. 

 The Wallarobba conglomerates of New South Wales are 

 probably the equivalents of the Colorado conglomerates in 

 the western part of the United States and the Pottsville 



