1887] eo Recent Literature. 75I 
 _ youths must be employed to take the place in the rear hole in 
_ order that the hunter could cast his dart at the sea-otter, now made 
doubly wary by the energetic pursuit of it from the increasing. 
number of rival fur companies. As that creature was restricted 
= to certain portions of Alaska, the use of the two-holed kaiak 
has never gone beyond those limits. The convenience of the 
three-holed kaiak has made it an accompaniment of the white 
trader wherever he has gone and been able to procure the skins 
The wi h 
: double-bladed paddle being thought of; hence, as the Indian: 
~ Ment and adoption certainly required but little mental strain. 
hat some of the Eskimo do not employ the double paddle is 
well known, and due probably as much through choice as by any- 
thing else, i 
and the occupant righting himself is a diversion practised only 
Where the double-bladed paddle is in common use, and not by, 
all the p 
_ “forth as the upper portion of Norton Sound, where an occa- * 
= Sonal double idle i 
rines the single and the double blade are in use through indi- 
-vidual or circumstantial preference. East of the latter place the 
double-blad 
a paddle appears to be the one used exclusively by 
Sa nnuit wherever found. } 
a eg regard to the development of the various spears, darts, jave- 
~ Te om other projectiles cast by the use of the arm and 
i a an, Dr. Rink considers them to be developments of the 
Ne hand or arm was certainly the power to guide and cast a 
Means t, dart long before the flexibility of wood was applied as a 
- Strip ‘© Produce direct motion by the release of a shaft from a 
: Ps ga to create the tension of the bow, even in its crudest 
: aa If this be true, it is far more probable to conclude 
- Rink, ite of the deduction inferred by the remarks of Dr. 
from the ious projectiles used as means to obtain creatures 
-tindera 2°» lake, or stream are modifications of the’ arrow, as 
Pear age to be the missile sent from a bow, then it would ap- 
, Where ot weapons now recognized as arrows and every- 
ed for land-shooting, except a few instances where the 
