1887] The Perissodactyla, 985 
_ The horse-bean is called, in France, feverole; in Germany, 
_ Pferde oder feld bohne ; in Italy, fava cavallina: 
EVENING Primrose. Cnothera biennis L. 
The roots may be used as Scorsonera, but it is cultivated in 
_ France only as a curiosity.” It is said by Loudon: to be culti- 
E Vated in Germany, and in Carniola the roots are eaten in salad.+ 
It was once under English culture A native of Northern 
America, it first reached Europe in 1614.6 It is given by Burr? 
tor American gardens in 1863, under the name German Rampion. 
It is called, in France, Znothere bisannuelle, onagre, herbe aux 
_ Mes, jambon, jambon des jardiniers, jambon de St. Antoine, lysi- 
x machie Jaune, lysimachie jaune cornu, mache rouge; in Germany, 
_ Tapuntica; in F landers, ezelskruid ; in Italy, rapontica, rapunzia ; 
in Norway, natlys? 
f (To be continued.) 
THE PERISSODACTYLA. 
BY E. D. COPE. 
DIPLARTHRA. 
r is to the order Diplarthra that the greater number of existing 
__, SP&cies of hoofed mammals belong. It is represented by two 
‘ub-orders, which have the following definitions: 
Astragalus truncate distally; the median toe the largest j........e1+.-0+++ Perissodactyla. 
Astragalus with the distal end convex anteroposteriorly, forming a 
ce Singlymus (hinge-joint) ; number of toes generally even, the me- 
dian two the largest... Artiodactyla. 
4 “Note. The references in the list are to Bridgeman, Young Gard. Assist., N. Y., 
Ho: py Fl. Dict, Lond., 1783; Fessenden, New Am. Gard., 1828; Loudon, — 
* Lond., 1860; McMahon, Am, Gard. Kal., Phila., 1806; Mawe, Univ. Gard., 
ae 1778; Noisette, Man., Brussels, 1829; Stevenson, New and p. Gard. 
Dublin, 1765; Thorburn, Gent. and Gard. Kal., N. Y., 1821; Thorbarn’s 
€s, 1828, 1884; Townsend, Comp. Seedsman, Lond., 1726; Vilmorin, 3 
vy Pot., Paris, 1883. 
in, Les Pl. Pot., 202. 3 Loudon, The Horticult., 1860, 653. 
Nat. et Econ., Pt. 2, p. 398. ` 5 Johnson, Useful Pl. of Gt. Bit, 104. 
taa U» Sp., 1763, 492. 7 Burr, Field and Gard. Veg., 1863, 35- 
Schubeler, ulturpflanz de Norv., 118. 
