1088 Hornless Ruminants. [Dec. 
Youatt says the famous long-horns of England were derived 
from the Irish long-horns. What has become of all these famous 
Irish breeds? Mr. James Sinclair (already noted), in a recent 
paper on “ Kerry Cattle,” says that, “ with the exception of the 
Kerry, all the native Irish races have become extinct, being crossed 
out by the short-horn.” This is one great irretrievable loss, the 
cause of which has to be laid to the charge of the short-horn— 
the loss of many of our finest old native breeds in various parts 
of Britain as well as Ireland. 
Prof, P. McConnell, F.H.A.S., of Oxford University, also re- 
fers to these Irish polls or moylés in his “ Agricultural Note 
Book,” third edition, 1887. ’ 
SCOTLAND. 
In dealing with the polled cattle of Scotland I shall first give 
what Marshall and Lawrence have to say on the subject, and 
then detail the particular references to polled cattle discovered 
by original research, reserving some important points bearing on 
the wild white and the two black domesticated breeds for orderly 
treatment. T ; 
Mr. Marshall; about the earliest general authority adducible , 
thus classifies the Scotch cattle driven from Scotland and fed in 
Norfolk in the end of the last century : nai ; 
~ (1) Galloway Scots, mostly hornless, of a ‘black or brindl 
color. 833 
(2) Lowland Scots, some of them horned, some of them 
their color black, or brindled, or dun. 
- (3) Highland cattle have in general, but not always, hor 
(4) Isle of Skys. TR 
__In the second class are included the breeds of a region z fie 
donian—three or four times larger than the region of the ue 
ways. This it is important to remember, and it is mo wi si 
that a large proportion of the Scots sold in England as ae the 
polled were really Angus and Aberdeenshire polled, for 
polled; 
account of the propinquity of the district, thus being sotial 
cnown, that its polled cattle obtained in England sat oe 
term by which they became known, and hence also e driven 
polled cattle from whatever quarter, as they had to 
* Rural Economy of Norfolk, 1795, vol. i. p- 34% 
