! 1887] Hornless Ruminants. 1089 
over the same routes into England as the Galloways them- 
selves. 
The information of Marshall is derive from direct observation, 
hence it is of certain value. 
John Lawrence thus treats of the subject: 
= “The Scottish Island, Mountain, and Lowland Cattle—It is 
not improbable that there were only two original species of neat 
attle in Scotland : those common to the islands and the mountain 
country, called kyloes; in color black, brindled, dun, brown, red; 
_ black being the favorite color in Scotland; in form flat and deep, 
like the short- and middle-horned stock, very small and hardy, 
with small, upright, short, or middle-length horns: and the 
polled breed, chiefly confined in latter times to the shire of Gal- 
_loway, and known by that name. The former, the smallest and 
Most hardy breed known in this island, and apparently the same 
with that of the more northern counties, may be seen at this day 
inits original purity, no motive existing for crossing a breed so 
Perfectly adapted to severity of climate and scarcity of keep. 
the original polled cattle were of the same colors, but more 
Varied, and considerably larger in size; in shape somewhat long, 
be Presumed of the genuine breed. In the Lowlands, . 
‘ ‘ol is abundant in provision, and where in consequence larger- 
shire, and of the runts,' which are at 
tland.” (Pp. 72, 73.) 
3 _The polled cattle of Scotland were known we 
atly in France early in the century, for they 
ions of them: “ Même en Ecosse on trouve la 
‘ort souvent sans cornes.” 
| shall now detail various original evidences of th 
cattle in Scotland, discovered in various unsus 
Homyl” Cattle at the End of Eighth Centuryz— 
Notice of the existence of polled cattle in SCO = 
a 
İl enough appar- 
had erroneous 
race très petite, 
e existence of 
pected places. 
Perhaps the 
* See below: extract from “ Hand-Book to Scotland.” 
