1114 ) ; General Notes. PE 
ling (Carinthia) and from Sarrabus (Sardinia) possess the same 
chemical composition. The mineral from Lolling, however, 
crystallizes in the inclined hemihedral division of the regular 
system, while the Sarrabus occurrence is parallel hemihedral. 
On éarite crystals from the dolomite, near Volpersdorf, the 
four new planes œP5, 3Pæœ , 5Poo, and 1% P2 have been detected 
by Traube.’ Patton? studies crystallographically the horr- 
blende, oligoclase, and titanite crystals in the druses of the Schries- 
hiem diorite——Igelstr6m?3 describes the occurrence of braunite 
and hausmannite from the Sjégrube, in the Gouvernement of 
Oerebro, Sweden. Ch. Lory notes the occurrence of micro- 
scopic crystals of a/éite in various limestones and marbles from 
the Western Alps. , Their origin, he thinks, is connected in some 
way with the specific nature of the calcareous deposits and with , 
the conditions which produced their crystallization. 
BOTANY .5 
Character of the Injuries produced by Parasitic Fung 
upon their Host-Plants.—The first and most general injury 
which is produced upon plants by parasitic fungi results in con- 
sequence of the essential character of the fungus. ` Green plants 
fore, is a loss of food, a withdrawal of formed nutritive peal 
resulting, to greater or less extent, in starvation. divi 
‘cells the contents usually suffer the greater injury, 
is also injured, as when penetrated by the haustoria, or. 
e.g., upon the mycelium of Peronospora. But the special 
the haustoria is to absorb nutriment from the cell-contents. val 
some cases, as the above, the cell may live to be the contin ag 
prey of the parasite, and in some cases the cell is killed. ap 
(2) While the food-supply of the plant is reduced, its pon 
to replenish it is at the same time impaired, —2./., UO rently- 
fungus grows upon the green parts, as it does most eek E i 
The passage of light to the cells may be obstructed. e poi 
moulds, or mildews, must obstruct it to some extent, black M? ar 
growing over the surface, much more. The latter may m 
either as true parasites, or as saprophytes upon “none a the 
Impaired nutrition weakens the physiological aes n 
chlorophyll. The life of the cells preyed upon 18 74 < 
3 the ibe f. Min., etc., 1887, ii, p-69- Ib. P. 8. 
i 
s Edited. ty Seat han A aar Lincoln, Nebraska, 
6 Read before Section F, A. A. A. S., August, 1887- 
