~ 
_ The two together, the eye and the pineal body, rese beT - 
1126 General Notes. [Dec. 
2 and where the second superior true molar is wanting. But 
one specimen of the C. gibbus possessed the second superior true 
molar. The species may be called Dysodus Zibbus. It differs 
from the Japanese spaniel (D. pravus Cope) in its elongate muzzle, 
and in the great sparseness or absence of hair, in its erect ears, 
and in various other respects. 
The characters of these genera are as well marked as those of 
non-domesticated forms of Canidæ. The deficiencies of denti- 
tion, although concomitants of reduced size, are not caused by 
it, since a majority of the extinct Canide, which preserve with 
great constancy the characters wanting in Synagodus and Dyso- 
dus, are of equal and smaller size. 
I have had a female Japanese spaniel in my possession for 
eight years, and she has had pups several times. With one ex- 
ception they never lived to be more than a few months old, and 
were of very erratic mental constitution. They displayed a great 
deal of ferocity in their family relations, nearly killing each other 
on several occasions. They nearly all died of convulsions— 
E. D. Cope. 
EMBRYOLOGY. 
The Rudimentary Pineal Eye of Chelonians.—In the Quar. 
Four. of Micr. Sci. for October, 1886, W. Baldwin Spencer de- 
scribes very fully the presence and structure of the pineal eye m 
Lacertilia, but makes no mention of its occurrence in any of the 
Chelonia. The other day, while looking over some sections pre: 
pared by the writer from an embryo of Chrysemys picta, pre 
sented by Dr. C. S. Dolley, Prof. J. A. Ryder called my attention 
to an organ which he took to be the pineal eye. Subsequent 
investigation showed this to be the case. 
The embryo first cut was one measuring three-quarters of a 
inch from the tip of its nose to the end of the tail. The sections — 
were made in a vertical longitudinal direction, and in the pi 
line the structure referred to was found. The pineal rapes 
lies just behind the fore-brain ; the proximal part of its $ 
tubular, while the distal end is flattened from above. It qe : 
towards the tip of the snout, and its lower surface faces the sor 
margins of the cerebral hemispheres. Oe se 
The eye occurs as a hollow vertical evagination from the pots ` 
surface of the pineal outgrowth, and leaves the stalk of thelat 
at the beginning of its distal fourth, measuring from its rear €n“ 
m 
much in longisection the outline, as seen from the side, 
hammer of a gun. 
ight specimens ae 
1 Naturalist, 1881, p. 233, where the dental characters of eight spt E 
described, < iiy o PE 
2 Edited by JoHN A. RYDER, Ph.D., Biological Department, Unive o 
sylvania, Philadelphia. : ee 
