710 The American Naturalist. [August, 
to discredit the real points of worth brought out in his discus- 
sion. In the light, however, of the present association of Hep- 
ialus and Micropteryx as a sub-order, the Jugatx, of the Lepi- 
doptera, which is recognized as a distinctly more generalized 
group than the sub-order Frenatx, which includes all other 
Lepidoptera, this trichopterous character of the jugate vena- 
tion becomes more conspicuously significant. 
Fic 1 Wings of Hepialus humuli ; c. v., cross vein; j., jugum. 
Hepialus? (see Fig. 1) and Micropteryx (see Fig. 2) are distin- 
guished in point of venation’ from the Frenatz (see Fig. 3) by 
the fact that the radial area of the hind wings is not reduced, 
although the anal area is, thus causing a similarity in vena- 
tion between the fore and hind wings, radius (III) being five- 
branched in each. This similarity of the venation of both 
wings is not to be found among the Frenate. The persist- 
? The venational nomenclature used is that of Redtenbacher (Vergleichende 
Studien über das Fliigelgeiider der Insekten, in Annalen der k. k. naturhistor- 
ischen Hofmuseums, Bd. I, 1886, Wien) adopted, with modifications, by Comstock. 
* The real value of these taxonomic characters presented by the venation of the 
Lepidoptera can be fully appreciated after a reading of Prof. Comstock’s essay on 
Evolution and Taxonomy; in the Wilder Quarter-Century Book, 1893, Ithaca, 
N. Y, ! 
