778 The American Naturalist. [August, 
ANTHROPOLOGY. 
Notes taken upon an Exploration of the Lehigh and Sus- 
quehanna Valleys for the University of Pennsylvania, in 
the Summer of 1892.—A careful examination of the Susquehanna 
region showed that there were no caves available for exploration on 
the river side, between Pittston and Harrisburg. Many of the caverns 
reported as light, dry and spacious, were rifts, not large enough to 
stand in, or did not exist at all. The rocky ravines of the tributaries 
of the Lehigh in Monroe County were equally unproductive, and 
though there, and along the Susquehanna, the sandstone was not 
adapted to the formation of caverns, there seemed at first no reason 
why preprecipitous cliffs should not have exposed rock shelters, such 
as characterize the sandstone region of the upper Ohio. 
A day was lost at the rock shelter in a steep hillside near Stemlers- 
ville, Monroe County, Pa., about. 6 ft. long, 8 ft. wide, and 5 ft. high, 
though tradition said that Indians had made the place and lived in it. 
Forty years ago, a man, having walled it in, had used it as a sheep 
pen. Nevertheless, it appeared that beyond a chance night’s lodging 
for the passing tramp, it had probably never served as a shelter for 
humanity, and when we had removed a large fragment of rock on its 
floor and dug down two feet without finding any trace of charcoal be- 
low the surface, we abandoned the place. 
It took half a day to find Girty’s Cave in the sandstone cliffs along 
the Susquehanna, above Klemson’s Island, said to have been the hid- 
ing place of Simon Girty, the ferocious Indian renegade of the last cen- 
tury. It was the one and only cave on that river, following the east 
branch from Wyoming to Harrisburg, after the shelter on the bluff, 
under the Shekillemy Hotel at Sunbury, had been blasted away by a 
railroad. Mr. McCalvey, of Girty’s Notch, had to go with us to the 
cave, and to find it climed up a series of perpendicular ledges, said to 
be inhabited by rattlesnakes, overhanging the “river road.” Evi- 
dently he had forgotten the site himself, for it took half an hour’s 
search to discover it closed by a fallen rock. The evil reputation which 
Girty’s name had given the place in the last century had been in- 
creased by events in recent years, and our guide, descending the cliff, 
told the horrible story of the decomposed body of a murderer long 
concealed in the hole, and which he had helped to find a few years 
