798 The American Naturalist, [September, 
Florida (probably M. crispata or opercularis). The maxille 
seem to be aborted ; on each side of the 2d maxillary (labial) 
palpi under the eye, are the 1st maxillary palpi, whose struct- 
ure needs farther examination. 
The last division of Lepidoptera (Pupae obtectee of Chapman) 
mostly comprises the specialized broad-winged modern or 
macropterous forms, though including many of the specialized 
Tineina. 
The next series of families begins with the Tortricidx, from 
which may have descended the Cosside. As will be seen 
by comparing the pupa of Tortrix rileyana with that of the 
Cosside (fig. 9, head and mouth parts of the pupa of Prionoxys- 
tus robiniæ) Dr. Chapman’s opinion that Cossus has “no char- 
acters at any stage to distinguish it from Tortrices,” is well 
sustained. The pupal characters of Zeuzera pyrina also show 
that it belongs to the same family as Cossus and its allies. 
In the Cosside there is no separate pupal maxillary palpi, 
the lateral flap (mz. p.) not being separate. The labium and 
its palpi are long and narrow, as in Tortrix. The para- 
clypeal pieces are distinct. 
The point of departure of Tortridide from the Tineina has 
still to be worked out; it must have been some generalized 
genus in the pupa of which the eye-collar (maxillary palpi) 
and labial palpi were well developed. 
Here might be placed the two families Thyridide and Ses- 
slide. After a reconsideration of the transformations of these 
groups, we agree with Dr. Chapman that as regards the latter 
“itis a ‘Tineoid’ in spite of some Tortricid characters.” We 
should, however, not absolutely place the family in the 
Tineina, but should rather regard it as an immediate descend- 
ant from some Tineoid genus with a well developed eye-collar 
and with a well developed labium. Its generalized nature is 
also shown in the large distinct paraclypeal pieces. The two 
families have evidently directly descended from some Tineoid, 
but they have become much modified and specialized, espe- 
cially in the venation, and form a side branch of the Tineoid 
series with absolutely no relation to the Sphingide, near which 
they are usually placed. We have been unable to obtain the 
pupa of Thyris for examination. 
