1895.] Embryology. ee 1121 
Second pair of male legs and external seminal duct, posterior view ; 
52; Third legs of male, posterior view ; 53 ; Fourth legs of male, pos- 
terior view ; 54, Fifth legs of male, posterior view ; 55; Sixth legs of 
male, posterior view; 56. Male genitalia, anterior view; 57. Same, 
posterior view. 
EMBRYOLOGY. 
Conjugation of the Brandling (continued from page 1027).—It is 
an error to suppose that there is any great accuracy of adjustment of 
ring to ring in this process of conjugation ; there are no openings of one 
to be brought opposite to openings in the other but only the long girdle 
to be applied to the region of the sperm receptacles which open between 
the ninth and tenth and the tenth and eleventh rings. When the 
girdle envelopes this region, as seen in the two-constricted parts of the 
figure, the enlarged intermediate region with the openings of the male 
ducts may be drawn backwards or forwards without need of accurate 
coincidence with certain rings on the other worm. 
Having hardened conjugating brandlings after killing in boiling 
water we may cut sections of the two and obtain some insight into the 
anatomical relations of various parts during, or at least at any given 
stage of the process of sexual interchange. In longitudinal median 
sections we find such cunditions as are indicated in figure 2 which re- 
presents the true relative size and positions of the organs although 
small details are omitted and the organs are represented in a conven- 
tional way. We see the somewhat free head end of the upper worm 
then the constricted region, the long swollen region, the second con- 
stricted part and the head end of the lower worm. 
Examining the upper worm from the head backward we see that in 
the first-eight rings the digestive tract has a large muscular and 
glandular thickening of its dorsal wall, that the brain lies in the cavity 
of the third ring while the nerve cord is shown ventrally just as in the 
normal worm at ordinary times. The ninth and tenth rings form a 
small swelling sharply cut off by very deep constrictions of the body 
wall from the regions in front and behind. In these two rings the diges- 
1 Edited by E. A. Andrews, Baltimore, Md., to whom abstracts, reviews and 
_ preliminary notes may be sent. 
