HERDS AND HUMANS 153 



made to avoid concentration of hunters around the more important stock- 

 watering places. "Accessibility" is not a static condition, and sudden changes 

 in accessibility of national-forest areas through road construction bring with 

 them an obligation to foresee possible conflicts in land use and to do the 

 advance planning necessary. 



Stock driveways needed to get stock to back country, often through areas 

 closed to grazing, are sore spots in coordination of forest recreation and 

 grazing that are not always easily healed. Often these driveways have been 

 in use several decades. They naturally follow the easiest routes of travel. 

 The roads built later have in many instances paralleled them. And now 

 that the campers and tourists are following the roads, the stock driveways, 

 because of the dust and trampled vegetation for which livestock are re- 

 sponsible, are destructive to the recreational value of such areas. Whenever 

 recreation is a sufficiently important land use, one solution to this particular 

 problem is to change the location of the driveways if at all possible. Where 

 relocating the driveway is not feasible, recreation must adapt itself to the 

 situation or be diverted to other areas. In recent years the use of motor- 

 trucks to move livestock to and from the national-forest ranges has lessened 

 the driveway problem to some extent, but driveways will probably always 

 be needed for the movement of livestock to and from roadless areas. 



When changes in location of driveways are made, the new routes avoid 

 stream courses and the regularly used recreational roads and trails. So far 

 as possible, these new driveways are along ridge tops, where damage to 

 vegetation is less severe than in the valleys. More than 750 miles of new stock 

 driveways were constructed by the Forest Service in the 5-year period 1 933— 

 37. The stockmen have been able to use these less convenient driveways, but 

 such changes are often difficult and frequently very expensive. Further 

 progress in solving this problem will require patience and understanding on 

 the part of both the stockmen and the people on pleasure bent. 



Grazing and Recreation ... A problem that has appeared in some 

 places is to provide ample forage for saddle horses and pack stock used on 

 horseback trips through the mountains. As such trips become more popular, 

 it will be necessary in certain localities to plan grazing so as to leave more 



