72 



NORTHERN ZOOLOGY. 



MJENOWEM. 



This small family has many characters in common with the Sparoidese, from which, 

 however, it is at once distinguished by the very protractile mouth, and, in some 

 instances, by the presence of teeth on the vomer, or denticulations on the preoper- 

 culum. The Msenoideee have scaly bodies, thoracic ventrals, a single dorsal, 

 clothed with very small scales, from four to seven caeca, and a large air-bladder, 

 which is often forked at its posterior extremity. The mouth, when protuded, forms 

 a tube, whose rounded orifice faces downwards in some genera, and directly for- 

 wards in others *. The teeth are en velours on the jaws with, in some cases, two 

 or four small canines : the Manes have in addition small teeth on the vomer, but 

 in the other genera the roof of the mouth is smooth. 



Gerres aprion, a species belonging to the Caribbean Sea, ranges as far north as 

 the Carolinas, but none of the family have been taken in a higher latitude. Mr. 

 Couch states, in a memoir published in the Linnsean Transactions, that the Gerres 

 rhombeus, a West-Indian species, follows drift-timber to the coast of Cornwall ; 

 but in Mr. Yarrell's beautiful and able illustrations of British Ichthyology, the fish 

 that Mr. Couch speaks of is described as a new species of Serranus (S. Couchii). 































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* The genus zeus, and particularly its sub-genus equula, among the Scomberoideae, and epibuhs among the Labroidese, 

 as well as some others, have similarly protractile mouths. 



