SALMONOIDEtE. 189 



hollow as if pressed in. They are said by Cuvier to be peculiar to the male in the spawning 

 season, and to be produced by a modification of the scales. The sides and belly are covered 

 with delicate and very bright silvery scales, which are dotted on the margins with black specks : 

 they are tiled and adhere firmly. 



Fins.— Br. 9; P. 17; D. 14— ; V. 8 ; A. 22; C. 



The pectorals are large, sub-orbicular, and placed near to each other. The first dorsal 

 commences about midway between the occiput and caudal : it measures three-quarters of an 

 inch in height, and contains fourteen rays, of which the two anterior ones are short, and the 

 remainder forked at the tips : the connecting membrane is very thin and transparent. The 

 ventrals, situated opposite to the dorsal, resemble the pectorals in size and form : they contain 

 eight bifurcated rays, and measure, when expanded, an inch in diameter. The anal is sup- 

 ported throughout by rays of nearly equal length, but owing to the form of the part to which 

 it is attached, its margin forms a convex curve : it contains twenty-two rays, the anterior being 

 the strongest, and having the membrane scolloped between them, the posterior ones are deli- 

 cate : its attachment exceeds an inch in length, being thrice as long as the space between it 

 and the caudal. The adipose fin is five lines long and one line and a half high : it is situated 

 a little anterior to the termination of the anal, and is composed of a thin membrane attached 

 to a small ridge of the smooth tubercles that cover the back. The caudal is deeply forked. 



Colour of the back and top of the head dull leek-green, with bright green and yellow 

 reflexions when moved in the light. The sides and belly are silvery, minutely dotted with 

 black. The gill-covers and jaws are mostly bluish-black with some bright silvery spots ; the 

 irides are silvery. 



Intestines. — The oesophagus opens into a forked stomach, both parts of which point down- 

 wards ; one is a blind sac, the other, of equal size, terminates in a delicate gut, which is con- 

 tinued in a straight line to the anus. Six ca-ca of unequal length surround the pylorus. The 

 faeces are of a honey-yellow colour. The melt of the specimen was large and mature. 



Dimensions. 



Inches. Line.*. 

 Length excluding the caudal ... 6 Length of attachment of anal . 



„ from tip of snout to anus ..46 „ „ adipose . 



,, of longest dorsal rays ... 9 Height of adipose .... 



,, pectorals .... 1 2 



In my Newfoundland specimens, which are all males, the teeth are small and acute, set in 

 a single series on the iutermaxillaries, labials, lower jaw, across the front of the vomer, and on 

 the anterior part of the outer edge of the palate-bones and posterior part of their inner edge. 

 The tongue has a flat oval surface, which is surrounded by about twenty teeth, there are 

 two or three minute ones scattered over the central space, and two rows exist on the isthmus 

 which supports the branchial arches, as in the smelts. A small median ridge extends the 

 whole length of the upper part of the head ; the lateral ridges, more prominent, rise into 

 even, acute-edged, bony crests over the orbits. The back is covered with small, round, 

 thin, flat scales, of a different colour from those on the lower part of the body, and having 



Inches. 



Lines 



1 



1 







5 







li 



