SALMONOIDE^E. 



213 



Length from tip of snout to tip of caudal 



,, „ end of central rays 



>' 



end of scales 



)J 



posterior edge o 



J! 



anus 



JJ 



veutrals 



»J 



dorsal 



)> 



gill-cover . 



)) 



nape 



J) 



centre of pupil 



)J 



edge of orbit 



of axis of orbit 



. . . 



intermaxillaries 



, vertically 



labials 



. 



under jaw 



. 



attachment of dorsal . 



its longest rays 



. 



caudal lobes 



• 



central caudal rays . 



La Fera. 



The Vendace 



Inches. 



Lines. 



liiches. 



Lines, 











8 



2 











7 



6 



9 



8 



6 



11 



fin 8 



7 



5 



10 



7 



4 



5 



1 



4 



9 



3 



6 



4 







3 



2| 



2 



H 



1 



6J 



1 



5i 



1 



°i 







H 







6J 







6 







H 







6 







H 







3* 







H 







7 







&i 







10 







n 



1 



4 







8| 



2 







1 



6 











1 



9 















5 



The Coregonus fera (Jurine) resembles our Attihawmeg, or C. albus, in the shape of the 

 head, cranial ridges and depressions, and opercular bones, but its body is much more com- 

 pressed, having more nearly the form of our Herring-Salmon. The under jaw, when depressed, 

 reaches beyond the snout. There are no visible teeth on the labials or roof of the mouth, 

 some minute ones exist on the intermaxillaries, and the conical tongue is covered with teeth, 

 which, though very slender, can be readily seen. There are about seventy scales on the 

 lateral line. The ventrals are under the eighth or ninth dorsal rays, and their appendages are 

 short and three-edged. The stomach of my specimen contained a quantity of sand and the 

 remains of two fish, one a percoid fish, the other apparently a coregonus, with scales as large 

 as those of the fera itself. The following are the lengths of the parts of the alimentary canal. 



Distance between gullet and bend of stomach 

 Length of thick part of stomach . 

 Distance between pylorus and last caecum 

 „ last caecum and anus 



Length of whole canal 



iches. 

 3 



Lines. 

 



Distance 



between 



last caecum 



and 



Inches. 

 valvule 



Lines 



1 

 2 

 4 



2 

 3 

 7 



conniventes . . . 

 Length of gut occupied by ditto 

 ,, smooth gut at anus 



• 



. 2 



2 



. 



2 

 2 

 3 



11 



Length of gut below caeca 



The Vendace of Lochmaben (Coregonus vandesius) has a much larger eye than the Fera. 

 Its lower jaw projects beyond the upper one, even when the mouth is shut. There are 

 seventy-three scales on the lateral line. A male taken in the Solway Firth, with the melt 

 about one-third of the full size, had some small pieces of the stems of grass and a few grains 

 of quartzose sand in its stomach, apparently fragments of the case of the cod-bait. Mr. Yar- 

 rell has found shells in the stomachs of individuals taken in the Castle Loch, while Dr. Knox 

 ascertained that those he examined had been feeding upon minute malacostraca. 



