CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 83 



grown in the Eastern States from 1830 to 1850, was described by Harmon as 

 awnless, with white glumes and hard white kernels. There seems to be no 

 winter wheat of that description now grown, and the Flint wheat now in cultiva- 

 tion undoubtedly has red kernels, as described above, and is similar to wheat 

 known as Little Red May, Early May, and Rappahannock. These are all old 

 names in American wheat literature. Little Red May is listed by Killebrew ( 130, 

 p. 56) as a variety of the above description which " was brought into Tennessee 

 by Joseph Jacobs from Missouri, no doubt having been taken there from Ken- 

 tucky or Virginia. It had, however, improved by its visit, and is a very prolific, 

 and in some sections a very popular variety." The names Little Red May, 

 Little Red, and Little May are still in use for this variety. 



Early May was listed as a variety grown in Iowa as early as 1852 (87, p. 

 341) which later became an important variety in that State (.), p. 518). 

 At least some of the wheat now grown under that name is Flint. The same is 

 true for Rappahannock, which also is now used as synonymous with Red May 

 and in 1875 was recorded as synonymous with Michigan Amber {11). 



Distribution. — Grown as Flint in Georgia, North Carolina, Ohio, South Caro- 

 lina, Virginia, and West Virginia, and under the synonyms in Alabama, Ar- 

 kansas, Illinois, Missouri, and Tennessee. 

 The distribution is shown in Figure 30. 



Synonyms. — Early May, Little May, Little 

 Red, Little Red May, May, Rappahannock, 

 Red Davie, and Red May. The name Early 

 May, as shown above, has long been used for 

 Flint wheat. It was reported under this 

 name in Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, and 

 South Carolina. Little May was reported 

 from Platte County, Mo., and Little Red Fk*. 30.— Outline map of a portion 

 from Arkansas, Georgia, North Carolina, °5 *** east-central United States 



m ... showing the distribution of Flint 



Tennessee, and Virginia. Little Red May wheat in 1919- Estim ated area, 

 and May are also occasionally used for 97,200 acres. 

 Flint wheat. Rappahannock and Red May 



were reported by J. J. Collins, Spartanburg, S. C, as synonymous names for a 

 wheat similar to Flint which had been grown for 25 years in that vicinity. 

 Rappahannock was also reported from Oregon County, Mo. Red Davie is a 

 local name for Flint wheat in Surry and Wilkes Counties, N. C. According 

 to J. B. Fells, Red Davie has been grown for 50 years in the vicinity of 

 Elkin, N. C. 



FULTZ. 



Description. — -Plant winter habit, midseason, midtall ; stem purple, midstrong ; 

 spike awnless, oblong-fusiform, middense, inclined to nodding; glumes gla- 

 brous, white, midlong, miclwide ; shoulders midwide, oblique to square ; beaks 

 yarrow to midwide, obtuse, 0.5 mm. long; apical awns few, 3 to 15 mm. long; 

 kernels pale red, usually short, ovate; germ midsized; crease usually mid- 

 wide, shallow to middeep ; cheeks rounded to angular ; brush midsized, midlong. 

 Spikes, glumes, and kernels of this wheat are shown in Plate XIX, A. 



History. — The origin of Fultz wheat has been recorded by Carleton (61, p. 

 199-200), as follows: 



In 1862, in Mifflin County, Pa., Abraham Fultz, while passing through a field 

 of Lancaster wheat, which is an awned variety, found three spikes of awnless 

 wheat. He sowed the seed from these spikes the same year and continued sow- 

 ing a larger amount each year until he obtained sufficient seed to distribute it 

 pretty well over the country. It soon became a well-marked and popular 

 variety called Fultz, from the name of the breeder. In 1871 the United States 

 Department of Agriculture distributed 200 bushels of the wheat for seed. 



