CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 



91 



Marquis wheat was first sent to the Prairie Provinces of Canada in 1907, 

 where it was- thoroughly tested at experiment stations. At Indian Head and 

 Bosthern, Saskatchewan, and at Brandon, Manitoba, it very significantly out- 

 yielded all other varieties. By 1911 the variety had become commercially es- 

 tablished in Canada. 



, Attention was first attracted to Marquis wheat in the United States through 

 its having won premiums at several expositions. Seed was introduced by the 

 United States Department of Agriculture in 1912 and 1913, and the variety 

 was thoroughly tested at numerous experiment stations in the spring-wheat 

 sections. These and other experiments, reported by Ball and Clark (40, 41), 

 proved the variety to be widely adapted. In the meantime, in consequence of 

 much publicity, a strong demand for seed arose. A considerable quantity was 

 brought into the country for sowing in 1913. Much larger quantities were 

 imported in 1914. The importations of these two years, with the seed home 



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Fig. 34.- 



-Outline map of the United States, showing the distribution of Marquis wheat 

 in 1919. Estimated area, 11,825,200 acres. 



grown in 1913, were sufficient to sow about half a million acres in 1914. Most 

 of the imported seed was sold in Minnesota, North Dakota, and Montana. 

 Smaller quantities were sold in other spring-wheat States. In this way the 

 Marquis variety became widely distributed in a very short time. In 1919, 

 only seven years after its introduction, it made up at least 60 per cent, or 

 nearly 12,000,000 acres, of the total spring-wheat acreage of the United States. 

 Distribution. — Grown in Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, 

 Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massa- 

 chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New 

 Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, 

 Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Ver- 

 mont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. This wide dis- 

 tribution is due partly to emergency conditions, because of the World War. 

 Normally spring wheat is not so widely grown. The distribution of Marquis 

 wheat in 1919 is shown in Figure 34. 



