CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 101 



Clawson, or White Clawson, has been found to be identical with Goldcoin, 

 but the name, also, has a much earlier origin. According to Carleton (58, 

 p. 65), the history of this wheat is as follows: 



This variety originated in Seneca County, N. Y., in 1865, through the 

 selection of certain superior heads from a field of Fultz by Garrett Clawson. 

 On planting the grain from these heads, both a white and red grained sort 

 resulted the following season. The white wheat was considered the best, and 

 the pint of seed obtained of this sort was sown, producing 39 pounds the following 

 season. The third year after this 254 bushels were harvested and that season 

 the variety was distributed to other farmers. In 1871 this variety took first 

 premium at the Seneca County fair, and in 1874 seed was distributed by this 

 Department. Though judged inferior by millers at times, this variety has 

 become a very popular one. It must not be confused with Early Red Clawson, 

 a very distinct variety. 



The Goldcoin variety itself, is reported by Carleton (58, p. 66) to have 

 been produced by Ira M. Green, at Avon, N. Y., about 1890, in the following 

 manner : 



Mr. Green grew a field of Diehl Mediterranean, a bearded, red-grained wheat, 

 and while passing through the field one day found a bald head possessing white 

 grains. Planting every grain of this head, he found as a result next season that 

 he had heads with very long beards, some with short beards, and others with 



Fig. 38. — Outline map of the northern United States, showing the distribution of Gold- 

 coin (Fortyfold) wheat in 1919. Estimated area, 947,000 acres. 



none at all. The grain also was mixed, some red and some white. He desired 

 the bald wheat — hence only the grains from the bald heads were again planted. 

 From this as a beginning, a practically new variety resulted. Various names 

 have been given to it by different seedsmen, but it is best known by the name 

 Gold Coin. 



The commercial production of Goldcoin wheat dates from about 1900. 



Distribution. — Grown in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, In- 

 diana, Kentucky, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North 

 Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Vir- 

 ginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. This distribution is shown in Figure 38. 



Synonyms. — Abundance, American Banner, Clawson, Eldorado, Fortyfold, 

 Golden Chaff, Gold Bullion, Gold Medal, Goldmine, Improved No. 6, Interna- 

 tional No. 6, Junior No. 6, Klondike, New American Banner, New Soules, 

 Niagara, Number 6, Oregon Goldmine, Plymouth Rock, Prizetaker, Prize- 

 winner, Rochester No. 6, Soules, Superlative, Twentieth Century, White Cen- 

 tury, White Clawson, White Eldorado, White Rock, White Russian, White 

 Soules, White Surprise, and Winter King. 



Eldorado, Golden Chaff, Gold Bullion, Gold Medal, Niagara, Goldmine, Ore- 

 gon Goldmine, Plymouth Rock, Prize Winner, Superlative, Twentieth Century, 

 White Century, White Eldorado, White Russian, and White Surprise are local 

 names for the variety, used chiefly by growers in Michigan. 



