CLASSIFICATION" OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 103 



The cross was made in 1896 and named in 1901 (188, p. 282-283). 



The first introduction of the variety into the United States is believed to 

 have been in the fall of 1909, when F. D. Farrell, superintendent of the Nephi 

 substation, Nephi, Utah, obtained a small quantity of the seed from the 

 Department of Agriculture of New South Wales, Australia. Later introduc- 

 tions have been made by the United States Department of Agriculture (197, 

 S. P. I. No. 36582) and also by the Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station, 

 which has distributed the variety in that State (151, p. 40). 



Distribution. — Grown by the California and Wyoming stations and commer- 

 cially in Wyoming. 



ALLEN (RED ALLEN). 



Description. — Plant spring habit, late, tall; stem white, midstrong; spike 

 awnless, linear-fusiform, lax, inclined, glumes glabrous, brown, long, narrow ; 

 shoulders wanting to narrow, oblique ; beaks narrow, acute, 1 mm. long ; apical 

 awns several, 5 to 20 mm. long ; kernels white, midlong, semihard, ovate ; germ 

 usually small; crease wide, shallow; cheeks usually angular; brush small, 

 midlong. 



This variety is distinct because of its long lax spike. Spikes, glumes, and 

 kernels are shown in Plate XXIV, A. 



History. — The origin of Red Allen is undetermined. It has been grown in 

 Washington for about 20 years. 



Distribution. — Grown as Red Allen in Chelan, Douglas, Grant, and Okanogan 

 Counties, Wash., and as Wolf Hybrid in Latah County, Idaho. 



Synonym. — Wolf Hybrid. This variety has been commercially grown since 

 about 1905. According to Hunter (124, P- 22) it was quite widely grown in 

 Idaho in 1907, but since then it has largely disappeared from cultivation. 



FEDERATION. 



Description. — Plant spring habit, early, short; stem white, strong; spike 

 awnless, oblong, dense, erect; glumes glabrous, brown, short, wide; shoulders 

 wide, oblique to square ; beaks narrow, acute, 0.5 mm. long ; apical awns almost 

 wanting; kernels white, usually short, soft, broadly ovate; germ midsized; 

 crease usually narrow, shallow ; cheeks rounded ; brush midsized, midlong. 

 Spikes, glumes, and kernels of this variety are shown in Plate XXV, A. 



History. — According to Richardson (158, pp. 124-126) — 



It was produced by the late Mr. Farrer, wheat experimentalist, of New South 

 Wales (Australia), from a cross between Purplestraw and Yandilla. Yandilla 

 is a cross between Improved Fife and Etewah, an Indian variety. The produc- 

 tion of this wheat was probably the greatest of Mr. Farrer's many triumphs in 

 wheat breeding, for none of his many successful crossbred wheats have enjoyed 

 ^such a wide measure of popularity as Federation. 



Federation was first introduced into the United States by the United States 

 Department of Agriculture (197, S. P. I. No. 38347) in 1914 from seed furnished 

 by E. A. Cook, of Perth, West Australia. The variety first showed promise in 

 nursery experiments at the Sherman County branch station, Moro, Oreg., in 

 1916, and was increased and thoroughly tested (67, p. 10). The first distribu- 

 tion to farmers for commercial growing was in the spring of 1920. 



Distribution. — Grown by several experiment stations in the western part of 

 the United States and commercially to a small extent in Oregon in 1920. 



Description. — Plant spring habit, late, tall ; stem white, strong ; spike awnless, 

 linear-clavate, middense to lax, erect ; glumes glabrous, brown, midlong, mid- 

 wide ; shoulders narrow, rounded to oblique; keel incurved above; beaks wide, 



