CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 



133 



Distribution. — This strain was distributed in 1916 by the Nebraska Agricul- 

 tural Experiment Station for testing at other stations and for commercial grow- 

 ing in Nebraska. It is now grown by a number of experiment stations in the 

 United States, and doubtless to some extent by farmers in Nebraska. None of 

 this variety was reported in the survey of 1919. 



Synonym. — Nebraska Hybrid is the name used by several experiment stations 

 where the variety is grown. 



GLADDEN. 



Description. — Gladden is similar to Gipsy, but can be distinguished from it 

 by its shorter beaks, which usually do not exceed 3 mm. It also has stronger 

 stems and is superior to Gipsy in yield and quality. 



History. — The following history of the Gladden wheat has been reported by 

 Prof. C. G. Williams (206), of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, where 

 the variety originated : 



The Gladden wheat originated from a single head of wheat selected from a 

 field of Gipsy wheat in 1905, and was 

 first grown in 1906 under the number 

 6100, along with other head rows of 

 Gipsy, Fultz, Poole, and other varieties. 

 It has many of the characteristics of 

 the Gipsy wheat, being bearded, having 

 a white chaff and red kernel. 



In consulting the old notebooks of 14 

 years ago I find it described as " very 

 erect " in growth, the words being un- 

 derscored, and given the highest rank 

 for stiffness of straw of any of the 

 Gipsy rows, and as high a rank as any 

 row in the test. The photographs taken 

 in 1907, 1910, and 1915 show more than 

 ordinary stiffness of straw. 



In so far as yield is concerned, it 

 had to stand high from the start or be 

 cast aside. A vast majority of the heads 

 tested were weeded out each year on ac- 

 count of ordinary yield. In milling and baking tests in 1915 the Gladden showed 

 superior qualities. 



This variety passed along under the number name, 6100, until 1915, when it 

 seemed best to give it a real name in order to prevent confusion, as it was being 

 distributed quite a little over the State. It was named for Washington Gladden, 

 a man not associated with agriculture particularly, but the most useful citizen 

 Ohio had for many years. 



Distribution. — Grown in many parts of Ohio. 



GIPSY. 



Description. — Plant winter habit, midseason, midtall ; stem white, midstrong ; 

 spikes awned, fusiform, middense, inclined ; glumes glabrous, white, midlong, 

 midwide ; shoulders midwide, oblique to square ; beaks 2 to 10 mm. long ; awns 

 3 to 7 cm. long; kernels red, midlong, soft to semihard, ovate, humped; germ 

 midsized ; crease midwide, shallow to middeep, pitted ; cheeks usually rounded ; 

 brush small, midlong. 



A spike, glumes, and kernels of Gipsy wheat are shown in Plate XXXVII, A. 



History. — The origin of Gipsy wheat is undetermined. It was grown in Mis- 

 souri as early as 1877 (14) and at the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station 

 by 1888 (81, p. 28). There is a tradition that the name was given the variety 

 because it was first obtained from a gipsy. 



Distribution. — Grown in Arkansas, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Ken- 

 tucky, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West 

 Virginia. (Fig. 53.) 



Fig. 53. — Outline map of the north- 

 eastern United States, showing the 

 distribution of Gipsy wheat in 1919. 

 Estimated area, 122„500 acres. 



