CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 135 



similar to Valley, except that it has slightly shorter beaks. Its origin is unde- 

 termined. A sample of the Niagara variety obtained from Michigan, where the 

 variety was reported, proved to be identical with Gipsy. Niagara is used also 

 as a synonym for Goldcoin in Michigan. Russian Amber is the name under 

 which a sample of wheat was obtained from the Indiana station in 1913. Its 

 previous history is not known. It differs from Valley only in having shorter 

 beaks, as does Niagara. It is not known to be commercially grown. Rust Proof 

 is the name given to a lot of wheat which was obtained in 1919 from Ernest 

 Klappenbach, of Johnson City, Tex., who stated it to be " a rust-resistant strain 

 of wheat developed by continued grading for a series of years." The variety is 

 very similar in many respects to Valley, but is not pure for the straw-color 

 character. 



WISCONSIN PEDIGREE NO. 40. 



Description. — This variety is similar to Valley except that it is slightly taller. 



History. — This is a pure line developed at the Wisconsin Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station. The writers obtained their sample in 1917. 



Distribution. — Wisconsin Pedigree No. 40 is not known to be commercially 

 grown, as it was not reported in the varietal survey. 



sibley (Sibley's new golden). 



Description. — Plant winter habit, midseason to late, short to midtall ; stem 

 white, slender, weak ; spike awned, fusiform, middense, inclined ; glumes 

 glabrous, white to yellowish, midlong, narrow; shoulders narrow, oblique to 

 square; beaks 2 to 10 mm. long; awns 3 to 6 cm. long; kernels red, midlong, 

 soft, ovate ; germ small ; crease narrow, middeep ; cheeks rounded ; brush small, 

 midlong. 



Sibley differs from Gipsy and Valley chiefly in being shorter and later. 

 Other types bearing the name Sibley's New Golden have been observed, one 

 of which has brown glumes and another which has white glumes, purple straw, 

 and large kernels. 



History. — " Sibley's New Golden is a light-bearded amber wheat, obtained 

 by crossing the Mediterranean and Clawson " (57, p. 19). It was distributed 

 by the United States Department of Agriculture during the late eighties. 



Distribution. — This wheat was formerly cultivated in the Ohio Valley, but 

 now has largely disappeared from cultivation. The variety as above described 

 was reported from Payne County, Okla., in 1919. 



FULCASTER. 



Description. — Plant winter habit, midseason, midtall; stem purple, strong; 

 spike awned, fusiform, middense, inclined ; glumes glabrous, white, midlong, 

 midwide to wide ; shoulders midwide, oblique to square ; beaks 2 to 8 mm. 

 long ; awns 3 to 6 cm. long ; kernels red, midlong, soft, ovate, humped ; germ 

 midsized ; crease midwide, middeep, sometimes pitted ; cheeks usually angular ; 

 brush midsized, midlong. 



Fulcaster differs from Gipsy and Valley in having purple straw and shorter 

 beaks. A prominent characteristic is the orange-colored stripes on the glumes. 

 It is one of the most popular and widely grown varieties of soft red winter 

 wheat in the United States. A spike, glumes, and kernels of this variety are 

 shown in Plate XXXVIII, A. 



History. — According to Carleton (58, p. 70), "Fulcaster was produced in 

 1886 by S. M. Schindel, of Hagerstown, Md., and is a hybrid between Fultz and 

 Lancaster," the latter being the Mediterranean variety. 



