154 BULLETIN 1074, TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



GLUTEN (GLUTEN B 86). 



Description. — Plant winter habit, midseason, midtall to tall ; stem white, mid- 

 strong; spike awned, fusiform, lax, nodding; glumes glabrous, white, midlong 

 to long, midwide; shoulders midwide, oblique to square; beaks 2 to 15 mm. 

 long; awns 3 to 7 cm. long; kernels red, long, soft, usually elliptical; germ 

 small to midsized; crease midwide, middeep; cheeks usually angular; brush 

 midsized, midlong to long. 



This variety has a more nodding spike than Rudy and does not have the black 

 stripes on the glumes. 



History. — Gluten B 86 was first obtained by the United States Department 

 of Agriculture from the Indiana Agricultural Experiment Station, in 1913, 

 which in turn obtained it from the California station in 1902. Its origin is un- 

 determined. 



Distribution. — Grown by the Indiana and Wisconsin Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Stations. It is not known to be grown commercially. 



NIGGER. 



Description. — Plant winter habit, midseason, midtall to tall; stem purple, 

 midstrong to strong; spike awned, fusiform, middense, inclined; glumes gla- 

 brous, white, midlong, wide; shoulders midwide, 

 oblique to square; beaks 1 to 2 mm. long; awns 

 2 to 6 cm. long; kernels red, long, soft, ovate to 

 elliptical, slightly humped ; germ midsized ; crease 

 midwide, deep, pitted ; cheeks rounded to angular ; 

 brush midsized, midlong. 



Nigger differs from Gluten and Rudy chiefly in 

 having purple straw and shorter beaks. A spike, 

 glumes, and kernels of Nigger are shown in Plate 

 XLII, B. 

 Fig. 61.— Outline map of the History.— "Nigger wheat is said to have been 

 central United States,, show- ^. -..,.. ,-,„ ,, - „ , , 



ing the distribution of Nig- first distributed from the farm of a colored man m 

 ger wheat in 1919. Esti- Darke County, Ohio." (114, p. 4.) It was grown 

 mated area, 280,600 acres. j n experiments by the Ohio Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station as early as 1884. 

 Distribution. — Grown in 1919 in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Ken- 

 tucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and West Virginia. This 

 distribution is shown in Figure 61. 



Synonyms. — Winter Green, Winter John, and Winter King. 

 Winter Green is the name under which a sample of Nigger wheat was ob- 

 tained from St. Henry, Ohio, in 1919, where it had been grown for 10 years. 

 Winter John is a name used for Nigger in Bartholomew County, Ind., since 

 1901. Winter King is the name under which a sample of Nigger was obtained 

 from the Indiana Agricultural Experiment Station through the Cornell Uni- 

 versity station in 1912. Winter King was first obtained by the United States 

 Department of Agriculture from J. A. Simmer's Seed House, Toronto, Ontario, 

 Canada, in 1902. It was reported grown by the Ohio Agricultural Experiment 

 Station as early as 1906, and by the Kentucky station in 1907. This name was 

 reported in 1919 from Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, 

 Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Most of the wheat grown under 

 this name is Goldcoin, Poole (Harvest King), Fulcaster, or Jones Fife (Winter 

 Fife). 



