CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 177 



History. — This wheat was originated at the Washington Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station, Pullman, Wash. It is of hybrid origin, being one of the results 

 of crosses made by Prof. W. J. Spillman in 1899 between Turkey and Little Club, 

 in an effort to produce a club wheat with a true winter habit. This variety was 

 distributed to farmers in 1907 by the Washington station. Although it is a true 

 spring wheat, it has usually been grown from fall sowing and proved to be a good 

 yielder under a rainfall of 15 to 18 inches. 



Distribution. — Grown in Jackson, Umatilla, and Wasco Counties, Oreg., and 

 Columbia, Franklin, Garfield, Kittitas, and Walla Walla Counties, Wash. It 

 is most important in Walla Walla County, Wash. 



Synonym. — White Hybrid. 



HYBBID 108. 



Description. — Plant intermediate to spring habit, midseason, midtall; stem 

 white, strong ; spike awnless, elliptical, dense, erect ; glumes glabrous, white, mid- 

 long, midwide ; shoulders midwide, usually rounded ; beaks wide, obtuse, 0.5 mm. 

 long ; apical awns few, 2 to 5 mm. long ; kernels red, usually short, soft, oval to 

 elliptical, humped, pinched ; germ small ; crease narrow, shallow ; cheeks angular ; 

 brush small, midlong. 



History. — This variety was originated at the Washington Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station, Pullman, Wash., from a cross between Jones Fife and Little Club, 

 made by Prof. W. J. Spillman in 1899. The variety was distributed by the 

 Washington station in 1907, after the early trials had indicated that it was a 

 good yielding variety. Later experiments, however, did not show favorable 

 results, and because of its poor milling qualities its further distribution was 

 discouraged. 



Distribution. — Grown in Whitman County, Wash. 



Synonyms. — Red Hybrid and Red Walla. Red Hybrid is a name used to dis- 

 tinguish this variety and Hybrid 123 from the white-kerneled hybrid club va- 

 rieties previously mentioned. Red Walla is used as a synonym for Hybrid 108 

 and Hybrid 123 because it is the name of the subclass in which all red-kerneled 

 club wheats are graded according to the Federal Grain Standards. The name 

 Red Walla frequently is used for the Red Russian variety as well as the club 

 wheats. 



HYBRID 123. 



Description. — Plant spring habit, midseason to late, midtall; stem white, 

 strong ; spike awnless, oblong to elliptical, dense, erect ; glumes glabrous, white, 

 short, midwide; shoulders narrow, usually rounded; beaks wide, obtuse, 

 0.5 mm. long ; apical awns few, 2 to 5 mm. long ; kernels red, small, soft to semi- 

 hard, ovate, humped; germ small; crease midwide, shallow; cheeks angular; 

 brush smalL midlong. 



Hybrid 123 is the only important red-kerneled variety of club wheat in the 

 United States. It is distinguished from Hybrid 108 by having slightly harder 

 kernels. 



History. — The history of Hybrid 123 is the same as that stated for Hybrid 

 108. This variety, however, became much more popular than No. 108. 



Distribution. — Hybrid 123 was reported in 1919 from Sherman County, Oreg., 

 and six counties in Washington, being grown most extensively in Klickitat 

 County. 



Synonyms. — Red Hybrid and Red Walla. These names are discussed under 

 Hybrid 108. 



95539°— 22— Bull. 1074 12 



