178 



BULLETIN 1074, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 



JENKTN (JEXKUNT S CLUB). 



Description. — Plant spring habit, late, tall; stem white, strong; spike awnless, 

 oblong-fusiform, dense, erect ; glumes glabrous, brown, midlong, midwide ; shoul- 

 ders midwide, usually rounded ; beaks broad, obtuse, 0.5 mm. long, apical awns 

 few. 2 to 10 mm. long ; kernels white, small, soft, broadly ovate, humped ; germ 

 small, abrupt; crease midwide, middeep to deep, sometimes pitted; cheeks 

 angular to rounded ; brush small, midlong. 



This is the tallest commercial variety of club wheat and 

 is taller than most common wheats grown. Spikes, glumes, 

 and kernels of Jenkin are shown in Plate LI, A. 



History. — The origin of Jenkin wheat is undetermined. 

 It is known to have been grown in the vicinity of Wilbur, 

 Lincoln County, Wash., about 1895 (125). By 1900 it be- 

 came grown around Walla Walla. Wash., and Pendleton, 

 Oreg., and during the next decade largely replaced other 

 varieties in those sections, being grown from both fail and 

 spring sowing. 



Distribution. — Grown in Idaho, Oregon, and Washing- 

 ton. (Fig. 73.) 



Fig. 73. — Outline 

 map of a portion 

 of the Pa cif ic 

 Northwest, show- 

 ing the distribu- 

 tion of Jenkin 

 wheat in 1919. 

 Estimated area, 

 66,500 acres. 



KEDCHAFF (EED CHAFF CLUB). 



Description. — Plant spring habit, midseason, midtall ; 

 stem white, strong ; spike awnless, clavate, dense, erect ; 

 glumes glabrous, light brown, midlong, midwide; shoulders midwide, usually 

 oblique ; beaks wide, obtuse, 0.5 mm. long ; apical awns few, 2 to 10 mm. long ; 

 kernels white, short, soft, ovate, humped ; germ small, abrupt ; crease midwide, 

 shallow ; cheeks usually angular ; brush small, midlong. 



Redchaff differs from Jenkin in being shorter, earlier, in having a more 

 clavate spike and lighter brown glumes. Spikes, glumes, and kernels of Red- 

 chaff are shown in Plate LI, B. 



History. — The origin of Redchaff is undetermined. According to Hunter 

 (124, p. 24), it was an important variety of club wheat 

 grown in the Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington 

 in 1907. 



Distribution. — Grown in Idaho, Oregon, and Washing- 

 ton. (Fig. 74.) 



Synonyms.— Oregon Red Chaff and Red Chaff Club. The 

 name Oregon Red Chaff sometimes is used for the Redchaff 

 variety, but is more commonly applied to Foisy. Red Chaff 

 Club is the name used by most growers of the variety. 



BLUECHAFF (BLUE CHAFF CALVERT CLUB). 



Pig. 7 4. — Outline 

 map of a portion 

 of the Pacific 

 Northwest, show- 

 ing the distribu- 

 tion of Redchaff 

 wheat in 1919. 

 Estimated area, 

 40,000 acres. 



Description. — Plant intermediate to spring habit, late, 

 midtall ; stem white, strong ; spike awnless, clavate, dense, 

 erect; glumes glabrous, bluish brown, midlong, midwide; 



shoulders wanting to narrow, usually rounded ; beaks narrow, incurved, obtuse, 

 0.5 to 1 mm. long: apical awns few, 2 to 20 mm. long; kernels white, short to 

 midlong, soft, ovate, humped; germ small; crease midwide, shallow; cheeks 

 angular; brush small, midlong. 



The glumes of Bluechaff have a distinct bluish tinge not observed in any 

 other club wheats. Spikes, glumes, and kernels of this variety are shown in 

 Plate LII, A. 



