1887] History of Garden Vegetables. 57 
Old World. The first mention we find is that of Ray, who 
notices it in his description of the similar species Barbarea vul- 
garis. It is cultivated in the Mauritius, in gardens of England 3 
as a cress in 1855, and stated by Don,* in 1831, to be generally 
liked as a winter cress in Germany and England. In France it 
is included among garden vegetables by Vilmorin 5 in 1883, but 
not by Noisette® in 1829. It is recorded for American gardens 
by Burr? in 1863, and Gray, in 1880, says it is cultivated from 
Pennsylvania southward as a winter cress, 
It is known in the Southern States under the name of Zarly 
Winter Cress, or Scurvy-grass? in English generally Winter Cress, 
American Winter Cress, and Belle Isle Cress, or American Cress ; "° 
in France ™ as Cresson de terre, Cresson de jardin, Cresson vivace, 
Cresson des vignes, Cressonette de jardin, Roquetie, and Sisym- 
brium; in German, Amerikanische Winterkresse; in Flanders, 
Wilde kers ; in Denmark, Winter karse. 
Ancewica. Angelica archangelica L. 
This species is occasionally cultivated among aromatic or 
medicinal herbs. Its young, tender stalk in May, cut into small 
pieces, makes an admirable sweetmeat, and in the north of 
Europe the Laplanders consume its green shoots as a salad. 
The medicinal properties of the root were highly prized in the 
Middle Ages. In Pomet? we read that the seed is much used to 
make angelica comfits, as well as the root for medicine. Bryant’ 
deems it the best aromatic that Europe produces. 
This plant must be a native of Northern Europe, for I find no 
references to it in the ancient authors of Greece and Rome, nor 
is it mentioned by Albertus Magnus in the thirteenth century. 
By Fuchsius, 1542, and succeeding authors it receives proper 
attention, and is recorded as cultivated in gardens. 
1 Ray, Hist., 1686, i. 809, sub spec., 8. 
2 Bojer, Hort. Maur., 1837, 10. 
3 McIntosh, Book of the Gard., 1855, ii. 170. 
™ Pomet, Hist. of Didi sheds 1748, 42. 
13 Bryant, Fl. Diet., 1783, 53- 
