1887 ] Geology and Paleontology. 69 
only in one cystid and possibly in one crinoid, and the very sym- 
metrical grouping of the hydrospires, which are limited to the 
radial and interradial plates, and have their slits parallel to the 
ambulacra. The Blastoids are the most regular of Echinoderms. ` 
All have thirteen plates except Pleacrinus, in which one is 
divided. 
SILURIAN.—E. O. Ulrich has published descriptions of new 
Silurian and Devonian fossils, chiefly Polyzoa, and describes as 
new genera Busiopora and Lichenotrypa. 
PaL#ozoic.—Rohon and Zittel have recently studied the his- 
tological structure of the conodonts. s a result, they declare 
that they differ entirely from true teeth or the so-called teeth of 
lampreys and of Mollusca, and do not resemble any part of the 
hard parts of Crustacea, but they agree closely with the teeth 
of Annelid and Gephyrean worms. 
TERTIARY.—The second number of the Annals of the New 
Natural History Museum at Vienna contains an important paper 
upon the Miocene pteropods of Austro-Hungary, by Ernst Kittl. 
Illustrations of most of the species are given, and ten new species 
described. š 
Priocene.—The flora of the Cromer Forest-bed (England) has 
been investigated by Mr. Clement Reid, who found in various , 
, samples of dark peaty sandy clays, the seeds or fruits of forty 
species of dicotyledons, eighteen of monocotyledons, five of 
gymnosperms, and three cryptograms, besides some mosses and 
Characez. With a few exceptions, the same plants still exist in 
the locality. 
QUATERNARY.—Professor Lindstrom believes, from the con- 
figuration and structure of the rock-terraces in Gottland, Sweden, 
that the island received its present form by denudation, previous 
to the Glacial period, and that various changes of level have taken 
place since that time. Raised beaches are traced in Gottland at 
various elevations up to two hundred and fifty-nine feet above 
sea-level, the highest point on the island. Erratic bowlders are 
traced from the Aland Isles, possibly from the southwest of Fin- 
land, and from the bed of the Baltic. 
Dr. Nathorst gives his adhesion to the belief that pebbles with 
distinctly faceted surfaces are due to the action of wind-driven 
sand. Mr. Travers, in 1869, first called attention to such pebbles, 
and thus explained their origin. Similar pebbles have been dis- 
covered in the Eophyton sandstone at Lugnas, Sweden. 
