1887] Geology and Palæontology.  - 267 
that the incrustation (on the surface 2 plants) has been formed 
by the evaporation of water holding e salt in solution, which 
had been excreted by the plant;” E ailé on page 60 it is said 
its mineral substances which it absorbs.” In the table on page 
106 the relative numbers of stomata upon the two surfaces of the 
leaf of the Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) are given as 100 for the 
upper, 150 for the lower surface, an error which is the more not- 
able from the fact that the figures in the following column (“rel- 
ative quantity of water transpired ”) lose their significance when 
brought into relation with the proper numbers (o for the upper, 
330 a ea mm. of the lower surface). 
On 99 we notice with pain the careless use of the word 
“bud, j in i spéakiiig of the one. of lichens. The use of words in 
this loose way in a scientific work can be productive of bad re- 
sults only. A bud is one sind: 6 a soredium is an entirely differ- 
ent thing. On pp. 602 and 603 we find another batch of loose 
statements, from the description of the mode of spore-formation 
in Bacillus to the remark that “the teleutospores of these fungi 
[Uredinez] are those which are formed in the autumn, at the 
close of the growing season 
In spite of these blemishes and a sig oe the book is one 
calculated to do much to elevate the botanical work of the 
schools and colleges, and we trust that in this country its spirit 
and influence may be abundantly felt.— Charles E. Bessey. 
GENERAL NOTES. 
GEOLOGY AND PALZZONTOLOGY. 
A Landslide at Brantford, Ontario, illustrating the Effects 
Thrusts upon Yielding Strata.—A landslide along the right 
bluff of the Grand River, about two miles southeast of Brant- 
ford, Ontario, which occurred at 6.45 P.M. of April 15, 1884, is 
worthy of notice as giving not only one of the best known illus- 
trations of the structure of the Erie Clay of Ontario, but as show- 
ing the physical effects upon a smaller scale of lateral thrusts 
upon yielding strata. 
At the point where the slide occurred the valley is about two 
miles wide, although some distance above and below it is much 
narrower. The sides of the valley rise about ninety feet above 
the flood piane which is ten feet above the usual surface of the 
river. upper twenty feet are composed of sandy Saugeen 
Clay (of Canadian geologists), in very thin regular beds, whilst 
the lower portion of the cliffs and that below the modern alluvium 
