1887] _ Entomology. : 279 
(London) has been reduced in price, now costing American 
subscribers about $4.60. The pages have been reduced slightly 
in size, and some changes have been made in the type and head- 
ing. This valuable journal (to botanists as well as to horticultu- 
rists) now enters upon its third series. 
ENTOMOLOGY. 
Hauser on the Organs of Smell in Insects.'—Although 
Hauser’s researches have been published in Germany several 
years, they were so carefully made and conclusive that our 
readers will, we feel sure, be glad to have laid before them in 
detail the facts which prove so satisfactorily that the antennz of 
most insects are olfactory rather than auditory in their functions. 
Kraepelin in 1883 confirmed Hauser’s views, and recently Will 
has published an excellent paper on the organs of taste in insects, 
especially wasps, etc., so that our knowledge of the senses of 
rthropoda has been ‘greatly extended and cleared up within the 
last few years. It now appears that few insects are known to 
have genuine ears, those of the locusts and grasshoppers being 
alone proved to be auditory organs. It appears that most insects 
(the ~ cea gino ones excepted) are probably deaf, while 
nearly all e very acute senses of smell, taste, aA touch. 
That Erien insects possess an unusually acute sense of smell no 
naturalist disputes. A point in debate, however, is the site of 
the organ of cine in these animals. The author attempts to 
settle the questio 
I. Physi sligical: Experiments. —First of all one should observe 
as exactly as possible the normal animal in its relation to certain 
smelling substances, whose fumes possess no corrosive power or 
peculiarities interfering with respiration ; then remove the antenna 
and try after several days to ascertain what changes have taken 
place in the relation of the animal to the substance. In order to 
come to no false results it is often necessary to let the animals 
operated upon rest one or two days, for immediately after the 
operation ae are generally so restless that a careful experiment 
is impossi 
e Patpa of the antennæ is borne by different insects in 
different ways; many bear it very easily, and can live for months 
afforded a very striking proof of this relation. 
Experiments made by placing the antennæ in liquid paraffine 
so as to cover them with a layer of paraffine, thus excluding the 
air, gave the same result as if the antenne had been removed. 
t Zeitschrift fiir Wissenschaft. Zoologie, xxxiv., 1880. Three plates. 
$ 
