1887] . . Psychology. 295 
becomes thrown into a series of folds (Balfour’s septæ) in the 
abdominal region, dividing the yelk into a series of lobes, the 
rudiments of the liver.” The proctodzum and stomodzum offer 
nothing for note. The mesenteron does not begin to take definite 
shape until a day or two before hatching. Then the entoderm- 
cells which are scattered through the yelk gather at the inner 
ends of the fore and hind guts, and later unite in the middle. A 
similar process gives rise to the liver epithelium. This process 
abdominal appendages, these becoming converted into their outer 
covering. The second pair of abdominal appendages disappear, 
the third and fourth are converted into the spinnerets, the spin- 
ning pom arising as ectodermal invaginations into their walls. 
— F. S. K. 
PSYCHOLOGY. 
The Seat of Consciousness.—M. Steiner, of Heidelberg, pre- 
sented to the Academy of Science of Berlin, on January 7, 1887, 
a memoir on the consciousness of the cerebral hemispheres in 
fishes. The author, who has published a gees paper on the 
eee te comes to the following i SO 
In shes voluntary movements, a the ability to feed 
Doiie (proving the Griinenet of both reflex and direct 
sensations) persist after the removal of the hemispheres. 
2. In Batrachia these functions are bound to the hemispheres, 
excepting vision, which remains after their removal. 
: irds vision is also located in the hemispheres, but not 
cutaneous sensatio 
n the aisaiiealias finally, the cutaneous sensations also are 
located in the hemispheres 
The author pete es alada that in the Vertebrata the 
iste of the middle brain emigrate little by little into the 
hemispheres as fey develop; or, rather, that the evolution of 
hemispheres depends ona successive accumulation of functions 
which at first belong to the middle brain——A. Herzen in Revue 
Scientifique, No. 9, 188 7 
arkable Intelligence of a Rat.—As throwing light upon 
the question of the intelligence of the animal creation, in the 
exhibition of memory and reasoning power, beyond the mere 
pale of recognized instinct, I wish to give the readers of the 
AMERICAN NATURALIST a brief account of an interesting incident 
of which I was witness. On a very warm day in early summer 
I happened to be standing near a chicken-coop in a back yard 
when I noticed the head of a very gray and pricier rat thrust 
oo Limulus.—Za@. Nat. 
