1887] History of Garden Vegetables. . 331 
and was originally used for Lathyrus ochrus. It is apparently 
thus used by Oribasius and Galen. 
The two species of Linnzeus, Phaseolus vulgaris and P. nana, 
correspond to the popular grouping into pole and dwarf beans. 
But there is this to be remarked, that Linnzeus synonymes for 
P. nana apply to a Dolichos, and not to a Phaseolus, for the de- 
scriptions of Phaseolus vulgaris italicus humilis s. minor, albus cum 
orbita nigricante of Bauhin’s* history answer well to the cow pea, 
as also does C. Bauhin’s? Smilax silique sursum rigente s. Phaseo- 
lus parvus italicus, and do not apply to the bush bean. The 
figures given by Camerarius3 in 1586, by Matthiolus,* 1598, and 
by Bauhin, 1651, are all cow peas, although the names given 
are those used for the true bean, thus indicating the same con- 
fusion between the species and the names which kept pace with 
the introduction of new varieties of the bean from America, for 
Pena and Lobel,5 in 1570, say that many sorts of fabas Phese- 
olosve were received from sailors coming from the New World. 
Phaseolus nana L. 
The first figure I find of the bush bean is by Fuchsius,® in 
1542, and his drawing resembles very closely varieties that may 
be found to-day,—not the true bush, but slightly twining. In 
1550, Roszlin’ figures a bush bean, as does Matthiolus® in 1558, 
Pinzeus? in 1561, and Dalechamp” in 1587. Matthiolus says the 
species is common in Italy, in gardens, and oftentimes in fields, 
the seed of various colors, as white, red, citron, and spotted. 
Dalechamp figures the white bean. The dwarf bean is not men- 
tioned by Dodonzus*™ in 1566 nor in 1616. A list of varieties 
cultivated in Jamaica is given, in 1837, by Macfadyen," which in- 
cludes the one-colored black, yellow, red, etc.; the streaked, in 
which the seeds are marked with broad, linear curved spots; the 
variegated, the seeds marked with rubiginose, leaden, etc., more 
or less rounded spots; and the saponaceous, with the back of 
è 
. ¥ Bauhin, Hist., 1651, ii. 258. 2 Bauhin, Pin., 1623, 339. 
3 Camerarius, Epit., 1586, 212. 4 Matthiolus, Op., ed. Bauhin, 1598, 341. 
5 Pena and Lobel, Adversaria, 1570, 394. 
6 Fuchsius, De Stirp., 1542, 708. 7 Roszlin, Kreuterbuch, 1550, 149. 
8 Matthiolus, Comm., 1558, 237. 9 Pinzeus, Hist. Plant., 1561, 140. 
1 Hist. Gen. Lugd., 1587, 472. 1 Dodonzus, Frument., 1566. 
** Dodonzus, Pempt., 1616. ™ Macfadyen, Jam., i. 283. 
