1887] The Natural Sciences in Sweden. 413 
dollars—was donated by a Swedish physician living in Brazil. 
The yearly running expenses—being only between five hundred 
and six hundred dollars—are paid by the government. In the 
laboratory there are eight working-rooms, with tables, micro- 
scopes, and small aquaria, sufficient for about a dozen students ; 
and ifthere be not zoologists enough to fill these places, botanists, 
geologists, or hydrographers are admitted. There, for instance, 
Professor Nathorst (the palzobotanist) made his experiments and 
investigations in regard to the impressions and tracks formed in 
the clay by decapods, worms, etc., most of which until recently 
were supposed to be fossil sea-weeds. A collection of marine 
animals from the coast province, where the station is situated, 
is still in progress of formation, but a very good and complete 
collection of this kind has already for many years been in ex- 
istence in the zoological department of the Gothenburg Museum. 
Up to the seventh decade of this century only a few of our 
Swedish zoologists were studying comparative anatomy, histol- 
ogy, or embryology; Clason in Upsala, G. Retzius in Stock- 
holm, Lindgren in Lund,—all three professors of anatomy in the 
medical faculties—and S. Lovén being nearly the only ones 
cultivating these branches. Since that time, or at least since 
T. Tullberg was appointed a professor in Upsala, succeeding 
Professor Lilljeborg, anatomy has been carried on as the main 
branch of the zoological studies at that university. The gov- 
ernment has made appropriations for the establishment of a 
special anatomical department with its own teacher, and this de- 
partment has now an extensive collection of anatomical prepara- 
tions, partly in alcohol, but mostly consisting of dried objects, as 
stomachs, guts, hearts, lungs, livers, kidneys, and milts, prepared 
according to the system of Brunetti, greatly improved by Pro- 
fessor Clason. About one hundred students attend the courses 
in anatomy and histology in this department every year. The 
ordinary professor lectures in two different courses, one consist- 
ing of the elements of anatomy and osteology, histology, etc., 
for the young medical students and for those intending to be- 
come school-teachers, the other for students intending to gradu- 
ate with zoology for their main science. The average number 
of students attending the latter course during the last years has 
been sixteen. Beginning with the Protozoa, the professor lec- 
tures on that group four hours a week during one term of twelve 
