m 
70 General Notes. 
ON THE OCCURRENCE OF APTEROUS MALES AMONG THE ÅPHI- 
pip#.—In view of the very few species of American Aphides in 
which apterous males have as yet been found, it may be of interest 
to call attention to the occurrence of this form in certain species 
whose autumn life history I have lately been studying. In Schizo- 
neura carnicola this is the only male form produced, and it 
may be found abundantly during October on the leaves and twigs 
of various species of Cornus, often in copulo with the oviparous 
females. It also occurs in the root form of the corn-plant louse 
(Aphis maidis), having been taken with the oviparous females 
during October, in ant colonies, about corn roots; and in a species 
of Aphis, found abundantly in certain plants of Amarantus albus, 
during October. In all of these species the male is of the same 
general form, being slender and flattened, with long legs and 
antenne, and very active in its movements. 
The only reference to the occurrence of this form in America 
which has come to my notice is by Professor O. W. Oestlund, in his 
List of the Aphidide of Minnesota,' in which he records finding it 
in several species of Siphonophora. I presume that when our spe- 
cies are more thoroughly studied it will be found to occur quite 
frequently. It is to be hoped that the recent progress made in our 
knowledge of the life-history of the group will stimulate a more 
thorough study of these much-neglected insects.— Clarence M. Weed, 
Ill, St. Laboratory of Nat. History, Champaign. 
THE IMPORTED CABBAGE Burrerriy.—Mr. S. H. Scudder 
has collected a large amount of data regarding the introduction 
and spread of Pieris rapæ in North America. This he has very 
carefully digested and published as one of the Memoirs of the Bos- 
ton Society of Natural History.2 This memoir is accompanied by 
a map showing the centres and annual areas of distribution of the 
RETE i North America from its introduction in the East in 1860 
to . 
The chief points brought out by Mr. Scudder’s paper are the 
following :— 
(1.) The insect was first captured in this country in 1860, by Mr. 
Wm. Couper, near Quebec. “ From what we know of the rapidity 
with which a single pair may propagate, without hindrance from 
parasites, we may conclude with almost certainty that it was intro- 
duced in the early part of 1860, or, at the earliest, at the very close 
of 1859.” This is a later date than is commonly assigned. (2.) 
In addition to the importation by way of Quebec, the species was 
introduced independently in New York in 1868, at Charleston in 
1873, and at Apalachicola in 1874. These later introductions may 
have been by means of coasting vessels, or by rail from the North. 
1 Fourteenth Ann. Rept. St. Geol. of Minn., pp. 19-22. 
sL c, Vol. iv., No. iii. 
